Host‐based genetic differentiation in the aphid Aphis gossypii Glover, evidenced from RAPD fingerprints

Abstract

Samples of the aphid Aphis gossypii (Glover) were collected from different host plants at 18 locations in southern France, La Réunion, Portugal and Laos. RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) patterns of the 480 aphids were obtained using three random primers. A large number of RAPD bands were shared by all aphids of the 18 populations, but some RAPD bands appeared to be population specific. Over all aphids, a total of 37 polymorphic bands were identified and defined 142 RAPD phenotypes. A cluster analysis based on genetic distance revealed that the 18 aphid populations were divided into two groups, depending on whether they were collected on a cucurbit host plant. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was also performed and confirmed the differentiation into two groups. Several RAPD bands that were obtained using random primer A11 could be considered as diagnostic loci as they were fixed in populations collected on cucurbits and were always absent in those collected on noncucurbit host plants. These results represent the first evidence for genetic structuring within the species A. gossypii, according to host‐plant type.

Spatial and temporal genetic variability in French populations of the peach–potato aphid, Myzus persicae

“…Both indicate that clonal amplification is a major phenomenon shaping the genetic structure of aphids caught in aerial traps. This characteristic of aphid populations has also been observed in all aphid species analysed so far (eg De Barro et al, 1995;Sunnucks et al, 1997;Fenton et al, 1998;Vanlerberghe-Masutti and Chavigny, 1998;Simon et al, 1999;Wilson et al, 1999;Haack et al, 2000).…”

Host-associated genetic structure of Mexican populations of the cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Homoptera: Aphididae)

“…Several studies have revealed greater amounts of genetic variability among aphid populations (eg RAPD-PCR, DNA-microsatellite; Vanlerbergh-Masutti and Chavigny, 1998;Wilson et al, 2002;Llewellyn et al, 2003), and hence offer the potential to further assess host-associated genetic differentiation (Lushai et al, 2002).…”

Population genetic structure of the lettuce root aphid, Pemphigus bursarius (L.), in relation to geographic distance, gene flow and host plant usage

“…Populations of S. avenae, confined to specific host plants, have been identified using RAPD (De Barro et al, 1995;Lushai et al, 2002) and microsatellite (Sunnucks et al, 1997a) markers, as well as generalists occupying several different hosts (Sunnucks et al, 1997a;Lushai et al, 2002). RAPD markers, have also revealed distinct populations of Aphis gossypii (Glover) on curcurbit and non-curcurbit hosts (Vanlerberghe-Masutti and Chavigny, 1998) and, in conjunction with mitochondrial DNA, Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) on clover and lucerne (Sunnucks et al, 1997b).…”