Hospitalizations and Deaths Associated with Diarrhea and Respiratory Diseases among Children Aged 0–5 Years in a Referral Hospital of Mauritania

Ahmed, Mohamed Lemine Cheikh Brahim; Weddih, Abdellahi; Benhafid, Mohammed; Bollahi, Mohamed Abdellahi; Sidatt, Mariem; Makhalla, Khattry; Mokdad, Ali H.; Heukelbach, Jörg; Filali-Maltouf, Abdelkarim

doi:10.3390/tropicalmed3030103

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The case fatality rate of 4.9% in our study was lower compared to studies from Malawi and Nigeria, both showing rates of about 10% [ 20 , 21 ], and was much lower than the rates reported for hospitalised children in Mauritania (18%) [ 22 ]. Conversely, lower case fatality rates were reported in South Africa (2%) [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Decreased number of hospitalized children with severe acute lower respiratory infection after introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

et al. 2020

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Introduction acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) are a leading killer of children under five worldwide including the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo). We aimed to determine the morbidity and case fatality rate due to ALRI before and after introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PVC13) in DR Congo 2013. Methods data were collected from medical records of children with a diagnosis of ALRI, aged from 2 to 59 months, treated at four hospitals in the Eastern DR Congo. Two study periods were defined; from 2010 to 2012 (before introduction of PCV13) and from 2014 to 2015 (after PCV13 introduction). Results out of 21,478 children admitted to the hospitals during 2010-2015, 2,007 were treated for ALRI. The case fatality rate among these children was 4.9%. Death was significantly and independently associated with malnutrition, severe ALRI, congenital disease and symptoms of fatigue. Among the ALRI hospitalised children severe ALRI decreased from 31% per year to 18% per year after vaccine introduction (p = 0.0002) while the fatality rate remained unchanged between the two study periods. Following introduction of PCV13, 63% of the children diagnosed with ALRI were treated with ampicillin combined with gentamicin while 33% received ceftriaxone and gentamicin. Conclusion three years after PCV13 introduction in the Eastern part of the DR Congo, we found a reduced risk of severe ALRI among children below five years. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were frequently used for the treatment of ALRI in the absence of any microbiological diagnostic support.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Decreased number of hospitalized children with severe acute lower respiratory infection after introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

et al. 2020

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“…Babylon City study 33 and with the study. 42 Group of 7-12 months. 31 others 29 Disagree with the study showed that half of the children were below 6 months of age, 37% in the age group of 7-12 months.…”

Section: Rapid Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Molecular Detection of Rotavirus in Children in Ramadi City-Iraq

2020

MLU

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Matter: This is the first study in Al-Anbar governorate with this design aim to the detection of rotavirus group A (ROVA).Method: A total of (150) stool samples obtained from children <5 years with acute gastroenteritis were randomly collected from Maternity and Children at al-Anbar governorate from (1-9-2019 to 1-2-2020); Rotavirus was detected by rapid test for stool samples and real-time polymerase chain reaction for blood and serum.Results: Out of total 150 stool sample there were 101(67.3%), 49(32.6%) Negative and positive result respectively, from rapid test. The result of RT-PCR from serum & blood were Thirty-one (31)81.57% of (38) samples positive for rotavirus & eight samples were no ct there was Significant value (0.0016)(0.0075) between PCR (blood, serum) test and Rapid test under p<0.05. Based on that RT-PCR was more sensitive & specific than rapid test.

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“…Interestingly, different studies have reported different sex-specific patterns for specific diseases. A study from Mauritania in children <5 years with diarrhea and respiratory diseases 32 found higher risk for diarrhea-associated deaths among females while respiratory disease-associated deaths were more common in males. The patterns for injuries is more consistent: several studies have shown that the proportion of injured pediatric patients is higher in males than in females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Patients in a Local Nepali Emergency Department: Presenting Complaints, Triage and Post-Discharge Mortality

Giri

Halvas-Svendsen

Rogne

et al. 2020

Global Pediatric Health

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Background. In low-income countries, pediatric emergency care is largely underdeveloped although child mortality in emergency care is more than twice that of adults, and mortality after discharge is high. Aim. We aimed at describing characteristics, triage categories, and post-discharge mortality in a pediatric emergency population in Nepal. Methods. We prospectively assessed characteristics and triage categories of pediatric patients who entered the emergency department (ED) in a local hospital. Patient households were followed-up by telephone interviews at 90 days. Results. The majority of pediatric emergency patients presented with injuries and infections (~40% each). Girls attended ED less frequent than boys. High triage priority categories (orange and red) were strong indicators for intensive care need and for mortality after discharge. Conclusion. The study supports the use and development of a pediatric triage systems in a low-resource general ED setting. We identify a need for interventions that can reduce mortality after pediatric emergency care. Interventions to reduce pediatric emergency disease burden in this setting should emphasize prevention and effective treatment of infections and injuries.

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Hospitalizations and Deaths Associated with Diarrhea and Respiratory Diseases among Children Aged 0–5 Years in a Referral Hospital of Mauritania

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Decreased number of hospitalized children with severe acute lower respiratory infection after introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

Decreased number of hospitalized children with severe acute lower respiratory infection after introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo

Prevalence and Molecular Detection of Rotavirus in Children in Ramadi City-Iraq

Pediatric Patients in a Local Nepali Emergency Department: Presenting Complaints, Triage and Post-Discharge Mortality

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