Hospitalization of aboriginal and non-aboriginal patients for respiratory tract diseases in Western Australia, 1988-1993

Williams, Philip L.; Gracey, M.P.; Smith, Peter M.

doi:10.1093/ije/26.4.797

Cited by 39 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…8,9 Socioeconomic and biological factors may be important determinants of risk. Skin, respiratory and ear infections occur more commonly in Aboriginal communities, 18 and as many of these infections are treated empirically with broad-spectrum antibiotics, resultant antimicrobial selection pressure may drive the emergence of antibiotic-resistant organisms. MRSA bacteraemia was also associated with geriatric unit admission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in Western Australian teaching hospitals, 1997–1999: risk factors, outcomes and implications for management

Cordova

Heath

McGechie

et al. 2004

Journal of Hospital Infection

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in Western Australian teaching hospitals, 1997–1999: risk factors, outcomes and implications for management

Cordova

Heath

McGechie

et al. 2004

Journal of Hospital Infection

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“…In an indigenous rural community in Western Australia, BREMNER et al [5] described a high prevalence (24%) of wheeze in female patients v18 yrs of age. WILLIAMS et al [18] reported that in Western Australia, where indigenous status has been collected as part of the hospital record for several years, the admission rate for asthma was higher for indigenous than nonindigenous children (rate ratios for indigenous versus nonindigenous children ranged 1.4 -5.3). While hospitalization data are not good proxy for prevalence and accuracy is questionable, at the very least, the Western Australian data suggest that serious asthma requiring hospitalization is more common among indigenous children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of asthma in five remote indigenous communities in Australia

Valery

Chang²,

Shibasaki³

et al. 2001

Eur Respir J

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Data on the prevalence of asthma in children residing in remote indigenous communities in Australia are sparse, despite the many reports of high prevalence in nonindigenous children of this country. Two previous Australian studies have had poor participation rates, limiting interpretation of their results.A study of children in the Torres Strait and Northern Peninsula Area of Australia was conducted to document the prevalence of asthma symptoms. Five indigenous communities were randomly selected and trained interviewers, who were local indigenous health workers, recruited participants using a house-by-house approach. Information was collected by a structured face-to-face interview based on a standardized questionnaire constructed from the protocol International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood; 1,650 children were included in the study with a 98% response rate.Overall, the prevalence of self-reported ever wheezing was 21%; 12% reported wheezing in the previous year; and 16% reported ever having asthma. There was significant variation in the prevalence of asthma symptoms between communities.It is concluded that there are significant intercommunity variations in the prevalence of asthma symptoms in remote communities and that the prevalence in these communities is as high as in nonindigenous groups.

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“…The high proportions of ␤-lactamase production most likely reflected exposure of this group to antibiotics. Respiratory disease and otitis media are significant health problems in the Aboriginal Australian population (14,26). Pneumococci are the biggest cause of pneumonia and otitis media in this population, and recommended therapies are penicillin G and amoxicillin, respectively (8,26).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Brachyspira pilosicoli Isolates from Humans

Brooke

Hampson

Riley

2003

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the anaerobic intestinal spirochete Brachyspira pilosicoli was investigated by an agar dilution method. Human (n ‫؍‬ 123) and porcine (n ‫؍‬ 16) isolates were susceptible to metronidazole, ceftriaxone, meropenem, tetracycline, moxifloxacin, and chloramphenicol; erythromycin and ciprofloxacin were not active. Resistance to amoxicillin and clindamycin varied. Amoxicillin susceptibility was restored by clavulanic acid.Brachyspira (previously Serpulina) pilosicoli is an anaerobic intestinal spirochete which colonizes the large intestines of pigs, numerous other farmed and wild animals, and humans (25). In humans, B. pilosicoli is one cause of intestinal spirochetosis, a condition characterized by end-on attachment of the organism to colorectal epithelial cells (9,16,21). In several reports, intestinal spirochetosis was the only abnormal finding for patients with abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, and diarrhea, and many of these symptoms were long-term or recurrent (4,12,16).B. pilosicoli has been isolated at a prevalence of 10 to 30% from the feces of a range of different human population groups, including Aboriginal Australians (3, 15), individuals from developing countries (2, 3, 23), homosexual males, and human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals (21).

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Hospitalization of aboriginal and non-aboriginal patients for respiratory tract diseases in Western Australia, 1988-1993

Cited by 39 publications

References 25 publications

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in Western Australian teaching hospitals, 1997–1999: risk factors, outcomes and implications for management

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in Western Australian teaching hospitals, 1997–1999: risk factors, outcomes and implications for management

High prevalence of asthma in five remote indigenous communities in Australia

In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Brachyspira pilosicoli Isolates from Humans

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