Hospitalization due to norovirus and genotypes of rotavirus in pediatric patients, state of Espírito Santo

Ribeiro, Leandro Rua; Giuberti, Rafael Souto de Oliveira; Barreira, Débora Maria Pires Gonçalves; Saick, Ketene W.; Leite, José Paulo Gagliardi; Miagostovich, Marize Pereira; Spano, Liliana Cruz

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762008000200013

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…NoV prevalence (7.9%) was similar to that observed for RV-A (7.9%) (3) and highlights the importance of these viruses in children's communities, especially because an increasing number of studies have observed the prevalence and clinical impact of NoVs in the same range as observed for RV-A (13,28,29).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Detection of caliciviruses associated with acute infantile gastroenteritis in Salvador, an urban center in Northeast Brazil

Xavier

Oliveira

Ferreira

et al. 2009

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Acute gastroenteritis caused by viruses is one of the leading causes of infantile morbidity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of human caliciviruses of the genera norovirus and sapovirus in children up to 3 years of age with acute gastroenteritis from low-income communities in the city of Salvador, Brazil. This study is an extension of previous work carried out to establish the profile of the most prevalent enteric pathogens present in these communities. In this report, 139 fecal samples, collected from July 2001 to January 2002 were analyzed by RT-PCR and 13 (9%) were positive for human caliciviruses. By sequencing, seven isolates were characterized as norovirus genogroup GII and one as sapovirus genotype GII/1. Sequencing of the previously detected group-A rotaviruses and human astroviruses was also performed and revealed the circulation of rotavirus group A genotypes G1P[8] and G9P [8], and human astrovirus genotypes 6, 7, and 8. No mixed infection was observed. Community-based studies provide geographically representative information on disease burden. However, there are only a few reports in developing countries concerning the genotypes of the most important gastroenteric viruses detected in such communities. The present findings demonstrate the wide diversity of genotypes of the most important viruses responsible for acute gastroenteritis circulating in low-income communities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Detection of caliciviruses associated with acute infantile gastroenteritis in Salvador, an urban center in Northeast Brazil

Xavier

Oliveira

Ferreira

et al. 2009

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Because NoV diagnosis is not performed routinely in the country, data concerning NoV epidemiology result from studies carried out only by research laboratories that have separately assessed the rate of infection and genetic diversity of NoV in communities, outpatients or children admitted to hospital [Parks et al, 1999;Gallimore et al, 2004;Castilho et al, 2006;Soares et al, 2007;Victoria et al, 2007;Campos et al, 2008;Ferreira et al, 2008;Ribeiro et al, 2008;Xavier et al, 2009]. This 4-year long NoV surveillance study enrolled rotavirus-negative outpatients and inpatients, and assessed the rate, clinical manifestations and molecular epidemiology of NoV in the State of Rio de Janeiro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of norovirus infections in the state of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil 2005–2008

Ferreira

Victoria

Carvalho-Costa

et al. 2010

Journal of Medical Virology

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A 4-year (2005-2008) norovirus (NoV) surveillance study was conducted in the state of Rio Janeiro, Brazil, to demonstrate the role of these viruses in outbreaks and sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis. A cohort of 1,687 fecal samples was obtained from patients with gastroenteritis; 324 were rotavirus-positive. Of the remainder 1,363 rotavirus-negative samples, 1,087 samples were tested for NoV RNA in this study. The study enrolled 267 outpatients from Municipal Public Health Centers and 820 inpatients, whose samples were obtained by active surveillance in Public Hospitals. Fecal samples were tested by reverse transcription (RT) followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the MON 431-434 set of degenerate primers for NoV GI and GII detection, and there were 35.1% (381/1,087) positive samples for NoV, consisting of 30.2% (248/820) and 49.8% (133/267) from inpatient and outpatient, respectively. Children infected by NoV had significantly more frequent mucus in feces, vomiting and fever. No seasonal pattern in NoV infections was observed in patients admitted to hospital; however, two peaks of NoV infections were observed from ambulatory cases, suggesting that there was an occurrence of outbreaks in those time periods. Molecular characterization revealed GII to be the most prevalent genogroup, totaling 96.3% (104/108) of all sequences analyzed, and GII.4 was the genotype detected most frequently (80.7%), followed by GII.6, 3, 14, 7, and 8. Two GI strains, GI.2 and GI.3, were also observed. The number of outbreaks and sporadic cases described in this study highlights the need to implement diagnosis of NoV in surveillance laboratories.

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“…11 Over the last 3 years a number of studies have investigated the prevalence of NoV infection in hospitalised children. 5 A wide range of prevalences (6-48%) were reported with a median of 14%, 5 and in some studies NoV-associated gastroenteritis was almost as common as RV infections [12][13][14] indicating that NoVs may be clinically more relevant than previously thought. NoV-associated gastroenteritis outbreaks were first reported in South Africa (SA) in 1993.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Emerging norovirus GII.4 2008 variant detected in hospitalised paediatric patients in South Africa

Mans

Villiers

Plessis

et al. 2010

Journal of Clinical Virology

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a b s t r a c tBackground: Noroviruses (NoVs) are important enteric pathogens that cause gastroenteritis worldwide. The first documented NoV outbreaks in South Africa (SA) were described in 1993. The current NoV prevalence and circulating genotypes are unknown. SA lacks NoV outbreak reporting systems and therefore the number and impact of NoV infections is underestimated. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of NoV infections in hospitalised paediatric patients with gastroenteritis in SA during 2008. Study design: Stool specimens referred for virological analysis from hospitalised children ≤13 years, with gastroenteritis, were screened for rotavirus, human adenovirus and human astrovirus by enzyme immunoassay and for NoV genogroup I (GI), II (GII) and sapovirus by real-time RT-PCR. NoV strains were genotyped, and variants identified, based on sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the 5 end or the full length of the capsid gene, respectively. Results: Rotavirus was the most prevalent virus detected in 24.2% (61/252) of specimens, followed by NoV in 14.3% (35/245) and adenovirus, astrovirus and sapovirus in 9.6%, 6.7% and 4% of specimens, respectively. NoVs were only detected in children ≤2 years. The GII NoVs (89%) predominated and eight types were identified with GII.4 (43%) detected most frequently. The emerging 2008 GII.4 variant represented 80% of the GII.4 strains. Conclusions: A diverse range of NoV genotypes were identified in hospitalised children with gastroenteritis. The 2008 GII.4 variant was the most frequently detected strain in the study. This is the first report of NoV GII.4 viruses in SA.

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Hospitalization due to norovirus and genotypes of rotavirus in pediatric patients, state of Espírito Santo

Abstract: Viruses are the leading cause for hospitalization due to gastroenteritis worldwide. Group A rotaviruses (RV) are the most prevalent and are assorted in glycoproteins (G)

Cited by 37 publications

References 49 publications

Detection of caliciviruses associated with acute infantile gastroenteritis in Salvador, an urban center in Northeast Brazil

Detection of caliciviruses associated with acute infantile gastroenteritis in Salvador, an urban center in Northeast Brazil

Surveillance of norovirus infections in the state of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil 2005–2008

Emerging norovirus GII.4 2008 variant detected in hospitalised paediatric patients in South Africa

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