Hospitalization costs due to severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in three Central American countries

Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson; Marín-Correa, Carlos; Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos; Sánchez-Ruiz, Carolina; Carrasquilla-Sotomayor, M; Sanchez-Largaespada, Felix; Mena, R; Mejía, Homer

doi:10.22354/in.v22i3.728

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…general, studies conducted by other authors reported that the estimated costs are higher in the elderly, similar to our results [32,36,37]. For example, our higher costs reported in Medellin is related with an older population in the sample from this city.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 92%

Economic costs of severe seasonal influenza in Colombia, 2017–2019: A multi-center analysis

et al. 2022

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Objective To estimate the economic burden of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) in lab-confirmed influenza patients from a low-income country setting such as Colombia. Methods A bottom-up costing analysis, from both third payer and social perspectives, was conducted. Direct costs of care were based on the review of 227 clinical records of lab-confirmed influenza inpatients in six facilities from three main Colombian cities. Resources were categorized as: length of stay (LOS), diagnostic and laboratory tests, medications, consultation, procedures, and supplies. A survey was designed to estimate out-of-pocket expenses (OOPE) and indirect costs covered by patients and their families. Cost per patient was estimated with the frequency of use and prices of activities, calculating median and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) with bootstrapping. Total costs are expressed as the sum of direct medical costs, OOPE and indirect costs in 2018 US dollars. Results The media direct medical cost per SARI lab-confirmed influenza patient was US$ 700 (95% CI US$ 552–809). Diagnostic and laboratory tests correspond to the highest cost per patient (37%). Median OOPE and indirect costs per patient was US$ 147 (95% CI US$ 94–202), with the highest costs for caregiver expenses (27%). Total costs were US$ 848 (95% CI US$ 646–1,011), OOPE and indirect costs corresponded to 17.4% of the total. The median of direct medical costs per patient was three times higher in elderly patients. Conclusion SARI influenza costs impose a high economic burden on patients and their families. The results highlight the importance of strengthening preventive strategies nationwide in the age groups with higher occurrence and incurred health costs.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 92%

Economic costs of severe seasonal influenza in Colombia, 2017–2019: A multi-center analysis

et al. 2022

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Costs associated with acute respiratory illness and select virus infections in hospitalized children, El Salvador and Panama, 2012–2013

Jara

Azziz‐Baumgartner

León³

et al. 2019

Journal of Infection

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Background and objectives: Although acute respiratory illness (ARI) is a leading cause of hospitalization among young children, few data are available about cost of hospitalization in middle-income countries. We estimated direct and indirect costs associated with severe ARI resulting in hospitalization among children aged < 10 years in El Salvador and Panama through the societal perspective. Methods: During 2012 and 2013, we surveyed caregivers of children hospitalized with ARI about their direct medical (i.e., outpatient consultation, medications, hospital fees), non-medical (transportation, childcare), and indirect costs (lost wages) at discharge and 7 days after discharge. We multiplied subsidized hospital bed costs derived from administrative data by hospitalization days to estimate provider costs. Results: Overall, 638 children were enrolled with a median age of 12 months (IQR 6-23). Their median length of hospitalization was 4 days (IQR 3-6). In El Salvador, caregivers incurred a median of US$38 (IQR 22-72) in direct and indirect costs per illness episode, while the median government-paid hospitalization cost was US$118 (IQR 59-384) generating an overall societal cost of US$219 (IQR 101-416) per severe ARI episode. In Panama, caregivers incurred a median of US$75 (IQR 39-135) in direct and indirect costs, and the health-care system paid US$280 (IQR 150-420) per hospitalization producing an overall societal cost of US$393 (IQR 258-552). Conclusions: The cost of severe ARI to caregivers and the health care system was substantive. Our estimates will inform models to estimate national costs of severe ARI and cost-benefit of prevention and treatment strategies.

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Economic Cost of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Associated to Influenza in Colombian Children: A Single Setting Analysis

Salcedo-Mejía

Alvis-Zakzuk

Carrasquilla-Sotomayor³

et al. 2019

Value in Health Regional Issues

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Background: Influenza is considered a leading public health problem because its large economic burden of disease worldwide, especially in low-and middle-income countries, such as Colombia. Objective: We aimed to estimate the economic costs of influenzaconfirmed patients in a pediatric hospital in Cartagena, Colombia. Methods: We conducted a retrospective costing analysis. We estimated the direct (direct medical and out-of-pocket expenditures) and indirect costs for influenza-confirmed severe acute respiratory infection cases from a societal perspective. Total economic costs were calculated adding direct medical costs, out-of-pocket expenditures, and indirect costs owing to loss of productivity of caregivers. Mean, median, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and interquartile range (IQR) of costs were measured. All costs are reported in USD ($1.00 ¼ COP$2000.7) Results: Forty-four cases were included in the analysis: 30 had influenza B, 10 influenza A and B, and 4 influenza AH1N1. Thirty patients were hospitalized in the general ward, 14 went to the intensive care unit. The average duration of stay was ~9 days (95% CI, 6.

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Hospitalization costs due to severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in three Central American countries

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Economic costs of severe seasonal influenza in Colombia, 2017–2019: A multi-center analysis

Economic costs of severe seasonal influenza in Colombia, 2017–2019: A multi-center analysis

Costs associated with acute respiratory illness and select virus infections in hospitalized children, El Salvador and Panama, 2012–2013

Economic Cost of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Associated to Influenza in Colombian Children: A Single Setting Analysis

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