Hospitalization and expenditures for the treatment of general medical conditions among the U.S. diabetic population in 1991.

Ray, Nancy; Thamer, Mae; Taylor, Thomas H.; Fehrenbach, S. Nicole; Ratner, RE

doi:10.1210/jcem.81.10.8855821

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The rates of hospitalization for individuals with diabetes were clearly above those of individuals without diabetes in all age-groups; this is in agreement with other studies (6,10,15). The reasons for the excess admissions (and subsequent costs) in the various age-groups were well differentiated (Table 3).…”

Section: Results -supporting

confidence: 91%

“…Each diabetic subject was further classified into the following mutually exclusive groups based upon reported DRG (Table 1): 1) acute complications, 2) chronic complications of diabetes, and 3) other comorbid conditions (all remaining hospitalizations). The specific conditions considered to be chronic complications of diabetes and the associated DRGs were based on those published by the American Diabetes Association and in other relevant peerreviewed literature (6,10,15) (Table 1).…”

Section: Research Design Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Excess Hospitalizations, Hospital Days, and Inpatient Costs Among People With Diabetes in Andalusia, Spain

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE -The goal of this study was to estimate the excess hospitalizations, hospital days, and inpatient costs attributable to diabetes in Andalusia, Spain (37 hospitals,7,236,459 inhabitants), during 1999 compared with those without diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -This study was an analysis of all hospital discharges. Those with an ICD-9-CM code of 250 as either the main or secondary diagnosis were considered to have been admissions of individuals with diabetes. An estimate of costs was applied to each inpatient admission by assigning a cost weight based on the diagnostic-related group (DRG) related to each admission.RESULTS -A total of 538,580 admissions generated 4,310,654 hospital bed-days and total costs of €940,026,949. People with diabetes accounted for 9.7% of all hospital discharges, 13.8% of total stays, and 14.1% of the total cost. Of the total cost for individuals with diabetes (€132,509,217), 58.3% were excess costs, of which 47% was attributable to cardiovascular complications and 43% to admissions for comorbid diseases. Individuals 45-75 years of age accounted for 75% of the excess costs. The rate of admissions during the study year was 145 per 1,000 inhabitants for individuals with diabetes compared with 70 admissions per 1,000 inhabitants for individuals without diabetes.CONCLUSIONS -The costs arising from hospitalization of individuals with diabetes are disproportionate in relation to their prevalence. For those aged Ն45 years, cardiovascular complications were clearly the most important factor determining increased costs from diabetes. Diabetes Care 27:1904 -1909, 2004D iabetes is one of the most important public health problems worldwide. An estimated 300 million individuals will have the disease by the year 2025 (1). Prevalence studies in Spain corroborate this trend (2). Studies of the costs associated with diabetes show that the direct burden resulting from its treatment is very high in relation to its prevalence (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8).From 30 to 50% of expenses arising from diabetes correspond to indirect costs, with the rest corresponding to the direct cost of health care (3,6,9). Studies in Spain, Europe, and the U.S. generally agree that most direct costs are due to inpatient care of the associated chronic complications of diabetes (3-9). Care of individuals with diabetes generates a disproportionate use of hospital resources relative to the prevalence of diabetes (10 -12). The greatest impact on hospital stay and expense is from hospitalizations for chronic complications, especially cardiovascular complications (8,12).Data published in Spain on hospital costs generally came from small-or medium-sized hospitals (10 -12), or they were calculated from theoretical estimates based on prevalence studies (7) or from smaller samples of patients from the primary care setting only (4,8). Very few European studies, and none in Spain, have focused their hospitalization data of individuals with diabetes to estimate the excess cost. Moreover, those that have have carried out population-based ...

show abstract

Section: Results -supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Research Design Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excess Hospitalizations, Hospital Days, and Inpatient Costs Among People With Diabetes in Andalusia, Spain

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The latter was compared using Kruskal-Wallis tests. FCEs were classified and tabulated (see APPENDIX) into the broad groups of neurological, cardiovascular, renal, endocrine/metabolic, ophthalmic, and other admissions (4). Logistic regression modeling (6) was carried out with the class of FCE as a binary outcome to compare the proportions of individuals who had ever had an FCE in type 1 and type 2 diabetes relative to the nondiabetic population, adjusted for age as a continuous variable and sex.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Predictors for admission in patients with type 1 diabetes who are Ͻ18 years of age have been shown to be glycosylated hemoglobin levels and race as well as less education, lower socioeconomic class, and not having two biological parents at home (8)(9)(10). Previous studies suggest that duration of admission is variable between and within individual countries, ranging between 4.9 and 10.7 days, with an average of ϳ8 days (4,11,12). Our values of 3 and 7 days for type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively, were shorter than most.…”

Section: Donnan Leese and Morrismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Medicines Monitoring Unit (MEMO) has access to the validated Scottish Morbiditiy Record (SMR1), which records all hospitalizations in Tayside hospitals; therefore, the numerator of rates of hospitalizations would also be complete (2). Before the current study, the few studies that have looked at resource use for diabetes tended to have methodological difficulties in either defining the population accurately, classifying diabetes accurately, or ascertaining data from various hospitalizations (3,4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hospitalizations for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared with the nondiabetic population of Tayside, Scotland: a retrospective cohort study of resource use.

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

OBJECTIVE -To compare the hospitalizations of people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with those of the nondiabetic population of Tayside, Scotland.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -This was a retrospective cohort study set in Tayside, Scotland. Study subjects were eligible for inclusion if they lived in Tayside from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 1995. The primary end point was hospitalization. Comparisons between people with and without diabetes were assessed using logistic regression modeling.RESULTS -The fixed population for the year 1995 included 366,849 people registered with a Tayside general practitioner; 7,735 (2.1%) of these had diabetes. Approximately 25% of all study subjects with diabetes had at least one hospital admission, compared with 12% of the nondiabetic population. The length of stay was highest for patients with type 2 diabetes (median of 7 days). People with diabetes accounted for 8.2% of the total bed days and had approximately double the risk of admission. Type 2 diabetic patients had increased risks of myocardial infarction and stroke; both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients were at increased risk for an endocrine/metabolic admission or renal failure. The risk of ophthalmic admissions, especially for cataract, was much higher in patients with type 1 diabetes compared with the nondiabetic population.CONCLUSIONS -Type 2 diabetes was associated with more frequent and longer admissions compared with the nondiabetic population. This was due to a higher risk of neurological, cardiovascular, renal, and ophthalmic hospitalizations compared with people without diabetes.

show abstract

Inpatient to Outpatient Transfer of Care in Urban Patients With Diabetes

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Hospitalization and expenditures for the treatment of general medical conditions among the U.S. diabetic population in 1991.

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

Excess Hospitalizations, Hospital Days, and Inpatient Costs Among People With Diabetes in Andalusia, Spain

Excess Hospitalizations, Hospital Days, and Inpatient Costs Among People With Diabetes in Andalusia, Spain

Hospitalizations for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared with the nondiabetic population of Tayside, Scotland: a retrospective cohort study of resource use.

Inpatient to Outpatient Transfer of Care in Urban Patients With Diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About