Hospitalised patients with suspected 2009 H1N1 Influenza A in a hospital in Norway, July - December 2009

Brandsæter, Bjørn; Pillgram, Magnus; Berild, Dag; Kjekshus, Harald; Kran, Anne-Marte Bakken; Bergersen, Bente Magny

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-75

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In agreement with other reports, we found that the incidence of laboratory confirmed cases greatly underestimate the impact of the disease [43]. At the peak of the pandemic, rt-PCR test results were delayed due to overwhelming demand and limited laboratory capacity, resulting in the low number of positive PCR tests.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

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Reduced Hospital Stay in Influenza Patients after Mass Vaccination during the 2009 Influenza Pandemic in Norway

Mohn¹,

Lrum²,

Skrede³

et al. 2013

J Vaccines Vaccin

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Background: Norway had a preorder of pandemic vaccine, when the pandemic influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 in 2009 was declared. Mass vaccination occurred 1-3 weeks prior to the peak of the pandemic. Emergency plans were in place, but the predicted severe numbers of hospitalizations did not occur. Objective:To study the epidemiology and clinical presentation of adult patients hospitalized with Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, and to evaluate the impact of vaccination on the course of the pandemic at a tertiary hospital. Methods:The low dose oil-in-water adjuvanted vaccine was used to vaccinate healthcare workers (HCWs) and at risk patients groups, and vaccination rates were recorded for the community and the hospital. Demographic and clinical information was obtained for 129 patients (>15 years), hospitalized with influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 between August 2009-January 2010. A confirmed case of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 was defined as meeting a clinical case definition and/or laboratory confirmed disease (rt-PCR or serology). Hospital stay of more than 2 days was defined as a sign of severe illness.Results: 1/3 of at risk patients in the community and >90% of frontline HCWs at the hospital were vaccinated. The median length of hospital stay of infected patients was significantly reduced 7 days after the onset of mass vaccination (p=0.029). There was a predominance of female and moderately obese (BMI 25-30) patients. Infiltration on chest X-ray upon admission was significantly associated with a hospital stay of >2 days (p=0.001). Conclusion:Mass vaccination of frontline HCWs at the hospital and at risk patients in the community contributed to the observed significant reduction in hospital stay of patients infected with influenza. Almost no absenteeism enabled staff confidence and the ability for quick and safe patient turnover. This study highlights the importance of early influenza vaccination, to protect the high-risk patients and the integrity of the healthcare system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The clinical findings mirror reports from other countries that fever, dry cough and general malaise were the predominant symptoms upon hospital admission [35,[39][40][41][42][43]. Furthermore, the majority of patients had underlying co-morbidities, most commonly cardiovascular disease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Reduced Hospital Stay in Influenza Patients after Mass Vaccination during the 2009 Influenza Pandemic in Norway

Mohn¹,

Lrum²,

Skrede³

et al. 2013

J Vaccines Vaccin

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“…However, our study showed a relatively low mortality rate compared to previous studies (3.8% versus 6.5%) among patients in these two seasons [23][24][25]. Moreover, noteworthy is the occurrence of relatively frequent severe forms of the disease, including those with fatal outcomes in previously healthy young individuals.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…Some reports suggest that 20%-45% of the deceased patients were younger than 50 years of age and had no previously recorded risk factors [4,[19][20][21]24,26]. In our study, the average age of deceased patients during the pandemic season was 35.3, and most of these patients had some risk factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Different features of influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection among adults in 2009/10 and 2010/11

Skočibušić

Čeljuska-Tošev

Nikolić

et al. 2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection causes an epidemiologically and clinically severe disease mostly characterized by pneumonia, resulting in a high mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare epidemiological and clinical characteristics of influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection in patients hospitalized during the pandemic (2009/10) and post-pandemic seasons (2010/11). Methodology: The data of patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection hospitalized and treated at the University Hospital for Infectious Diseases Dr. Fran Mihaljevic in Zagreb, Croatia in the first two seasons of appearance were analyzed. Results: Compared to the pandemic season, in the post-pandemic season, patients were hospitalized longer, had higher values of inflammatory parameters, and were more often treated with antibiotics. The total number of risk factors in patients did not vary significantly between the two seasons. In the pandemic season, a significantly higher number of obese patients and patients with chronic lung disease was observed, whereas in the post-pandemic season, a statistically significant number of patients presented with symptoms of chronic cardiac and neuromuscular diseases. Primary viral pneumonia was frequently registered in younger adults during the pandemic season, whereas in the post-pandemic season, there were more cases of bacterial pneumonia. Conclusions: During the pandemic season, the influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection caused a severe disease with rare bacterial complications, especially in adult patients. The common characteristics of the influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus were lost in the post-pandemic season, assuming the shape and characteristics of the seasonal influenza A virus.

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“…The number of patients that are admitted to an ICU may vary related to criteria used by the institution. Consequently, the mortality in ICU differs has been reported from 11% to 25% 15, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. Many patients with severe disease have co‐morbidities, but it is well described that fatalities from pandemic influenza may occur in previously healthy subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first, second and third wave of pandemic influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 in North Denmark Region 2009–2011: a population‐based study of hospitalizations

Ørsted

Mølvadgaard

Nielsen

et al. 2013

Influenza Resp Viruses

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Background and objectivesDenmark experienced three waves of the new pandemic influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 from July 2009 to February 2011. The aim of the study was to describe the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients in a defined population of North Denmark Region with a mixed urban and rural community of 579 000 inhabitants.MethodsReview of medical records of all hospitalized patients with confirmed influenza A from July 2009 to February 2011.ResultsTwo hundred and seventy‐three patients were admitted to hospital. The age‐related population incidences of hospitalization were as follows: 0–14 years: 111/100 000, 15–64 years: 39/100 000, and ≥65 years: 17/100 000. During the first wave (July 2009–August 2009), three patients were admitted – none received treatment in intensive care units (ICUs), during the second wave (October 2009–January 2010), 158 patients were admitted – nine received treatment in ICUs, and during the third wave (December 2010–February 2011), 112 patients were admitted – 25 received treatment in ICUs. Fourteen patients (5%) died within 30 days of diagnosis (median 55 years; range 14–76 years) and additional seven patients (2·6%) died within 365 days (median 25 years; range 1–86 years).ConclusionsPatients hospitalized with pandemic influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 were predominantly children and younger adults, and only a few patients were >65 years. The third wave was the most severe taking the number and percentage of patients admitted to ICUs and 30‐day mortality into consideration. We observed that the incidence of hospitalizations as well as clinical severity among younger adults did not decline from the second to the third wave.

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Hospitalised patients with suspected 2009 H1N1 Influenza A in a hospital in Norway, July - December 2009

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Reduced Hospital Stay in Influenza Patients after Mass Vaccination during the 2009 Influenza Pandemic in Norway

Reduced Hospital Stay in Influenza Patients after Mass Vaccination during the 2009 Influenza Pandemic in Norway

Different features of influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection among adults in 2009/10 and 2010/11

The first, second and third wave of pandemic influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 in North Denmark Region 2009–2011: a population‐based study of hospitalizations

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