SummaryWe conducted a randomised double-blinded study of 960 women undergoing day-case surgery to determine whether combination anti-emetic therapy of granisetron and cyclizine was more effective at decreasing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting than these agents used alone. The women were randomly allocated to three groups to receive intravenous granisetron 1 mg, cyclizine 50 mg or both before induction of general anaesthesia. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was 77 ⁄ 322 (24%) in the granisetron group, 73 ⁄ 316 (23%) in the cyclizine group and 53 ⁄ 322 (17%) in those women given both drugs (p = 0.04). There was no difference in the requirement for rescue anti-emetic drugs. There were no differences in the anaesthetic techniques used in the three groups. We conclude that the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting is less with cyclizine and granisetron given together than with either given alone. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is still a frequent complication of anaesthesia and surgery, with 8-45% of day-case patients and up to 70% of patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopic procedures suffering this distressing complication. This is understandably of major concern to patients [1, 2]. Some patients report that it is of greater concern to them than postoperative pain [3][4][5]. The aetiology of PONV is still not clearly understood but is known to be multifactorial. Postoperative nausea and vomiting can delay discharge from postanaesthesia care and has been shown to be a major cause of unplanned admission to hospital after day-case surgery, with a corresponding increase in the costs of patient care [6][7][8][9][10]. With government targets of 75% of patients being treated on a day-stay basis, it is becoming increasingly important that this complication of anaesthesia is treated effectively, not only to improve patient satisfaction but also to allow for the efficient use of available facilities.It is widely accepted that it is not cost-effective to treat all patients prophylactically with anti-emetics, and that to do so exposes patients to the added risk of unwanted sideeffects [11]. However, there is little agreement on what is an appropriate approach to this problem. Postoperative nausea and vomiting is often managed with a single prophylactic anti-emetic given during surgery, but there is a growing trend towards the use of combination antiemetic therapy in moderate to high-risk patients. The optimal combination is yet to be universally agreed.We conducted a prospective, randomised, blinded study of three groups of day-case gynaecology women prophylactically treated with granisetron, cyclizine or a combination of both to determine the efficacy of these drugs given separately and in combination.
MethodsWith Local Research Ethics Committee approval and written, informed patient consent, we recruited 960 adult women who were scheduled to undergo day-case gynaecological surgery. Women who were pregnant, breast feeding or who had a known allergy to one of the drugs ...