Horseshoe Kidneys: A 40-year Experience

Abstract

The results presented show that horseshoe kidney is a non-fatal anomaly of renal development that can be managed successfully by standard urologic procedures. Most clinical problems are caused by hydronephrosis and renal calculi. Careful attention to the anatomy, vasculature and drainage from renal pelves at the time of operation will assure good postoperative results. The Foley Y-V pyeloplasty is a highly effective procedure for relief of ureteropelvic junction obstruction in horseshoe kidneys. As with other genitourinary anomalies the presence of a horseshoe kidney should prompt a thorough urologic evaluation.

Minimally Invasive Pyeloplasty in Horseshoe Kidneys with Ureteropelvic Junction obstruction: A case series

“…Again, these success rates are less favorable than for endopyelotomy in orthotopic kidneys, which range from 77 to 89% (15,16) with absent crossing vessels, and less than 70% in the presence of a crossing vessel. The overall radiographic success rate of 78% in this study is thus comparable to success rates reported for open pyeloplasty in horseshoe kidneys (9,10). Smaller series of horseshoe MIS pyeloplasty are limited to cohorts of five or fewer patients, and report success rates ranging from 66% to 100% (1,7,17) ( Table-4).…”

“…The largest series to date on pyeloplasty for horseshoe UPJ obstruction report outcomes for open Foley Y-V plasty and they generally lack reporting of both radiologic and clinical follow up which is now standard (9). Nevertheless, open surgery success rates in horseshoe kidneys were less favorable than in orthotopic kidneys, ranging from 55 to 80% (9,10) compared to over 90% respectively (11,12).…”

Horseshoe kidney: a review article

“…3 Even though the horse shoe kidney produces no symptoms, it is frequently concomitant with other vascular or genitourinary anomalies. [5][6][7][8] Therefore, it is important to be aware of these anomalies in clinical practice. Moreover, the horseshoe kidney can be transplanted en bloc or after division of the renal isthmus.…”

Laparoscopic Pyelolithotomy in a Horseshoe Kidney

“…In 20% of the cases with horseshoe kidneys stone formation is seen which is the most frequent indication for surgical intervention. [3,4] During fetal development, if the kidneys do not complete their normal anatomical rotation, pelvis is situated in front of the kidney, and ureter enters into pelvis at a higher level than its normal insertion site leading to the formation of a horseshoe kidney. This anatomical alteration constitutes a risk for formation of renal stones which are refractory to spontaneous passage.…”