Horse-Specific <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Genotype in Human with Crohn's Disease and Arthritis

Zajączkowska, Żaneta; Brutovská, Anna Baštýřová; Akutko, Katarzyna; McEvoy, John; Sak, Bohumil; Hendrich, Andrzej B.; Łukianowski, Błażej; Kváč, Martin; Kicia, Marta

doi:10.3201/eid2806.220064

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Although molecular studies indicated that humans and horses are infected with differing Cryptosporidium spp. subtypes, a few studies reported infection of human subjects with cryptosporidium horse genotype with a history of direct contact with horses (Lebbad et al 2021, Xiao et al 2009, Zajaczkowska et al 2022. A historical report of an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in a veterinary hospital with multiple species involved, including humans also supports the zoonotic risk of the protozoan (Konkle et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in working horses in Egypt

Salem

El-Ghany

El-Sheikh

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Working horses support the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Egypt but can pose potential zoonotic risk to their handlers such as cryptosporidiosis. Working horses were recruited into the study from 37 villages/areas in two Egyptian governorates. Faecal samples were collected from 607 horses and were examined for Cryptosporidium spp. infection using modified Zielh-Neelsen staining technique. Data about signalment, concurrent disease and level of strongyle infection were collected. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection was calculated using a bootstrap method and potential risk factors for the infection were investigated using mixed-effects logistic regression models that included the sampling location as a random-effects variable. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection was 28.7% (95% confidence interval = 23.5–33.9). None of the variables investigated including age and sex of the animals were associated with the risk of the infection. The study identified greater prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in the study area and further studies may be required to genotype these parasites. Personal hygiene such as hand sanitation should be practiced when managing these horses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in working horses in Egypt

Salem

El-Ghany

El-Sheikh

et al. 2022

Preprint

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show abstract

“…A recent study from Poland has documented a direct animal-to-human transmission of an unusual subtype of Cryptosporidium sp. horse genotype in an immunocompromised patient [ 4 ]. The majority of studies are focused on human, livestock, and pet infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. in Wild-Living Carnivores in Poland—A Question Concerning Its Host Specificity

et al. 2023

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Cryptosporidium is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite that primarily infects the gastrointestinal epithelium in humans and domestic and wild animals. The majority of studies have been focused on human, livestock, and pet infections. Hence, Cryptosporidium spp. in wildlife, including wild carnivores, remained neglected. There are several studies reporting the occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. in wild foxes, but these are only a few molecular surveys; no data is available concerning the occurrence of this parasite in raccoon dogs and martens in Europe, and to the best of our knowledge to date, only one study has reported Cryptosporidium from badgers in Spain. Therefore, we used molecular analyses to identify and genotype Cryptosporidium spp. in wild-living mesocarnivores in Poland. A total of 322 individual fecal samples from six carnivore species, i.e., raccoon, raccoon dog, red fox, European badger, pine, and beech martens were collected and then analyzed for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. using the nested PCR method. The appearance of PCR products in the reaction with Cryptosporidium-specific primers against the 18S rRNA and actin genes demonstrated that Cryptosporidium spp. occurred in 23.0% of all examined species of animals. Performed sequence analyses showed the presence of the Cryptosporidium skunk genotype, Cryptosporidium vole genotype II, Cryptosporidium canis dog and fox genotypes, as well as Cryptosporidium erinacei, Cryptosporidium ditrichi, Cryptosporidium suis, and Cryptosporidium alticolis, in these hosts. Molecular data presented here indicate that examined mesocarnivores may be a significant reservoir of specific and non-specific Cryptosporidium species, including those with zoonotic potential. Most studies of carnivores have described the presence of non-specific Cryptosporidium spp. in carnivore hosts, and this is probably the result of the transfer of these parasites from prey species through the digestive tract or the transfer of the parasite from a contaminated environment.

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“…Although molecular studies have indicated that humans and horses are infected with differing Cryptosporidium spp. subtypes, a few studies reported horse genotype Cryptosporidium infection of human subjects who had a history of direct contact with horses (Lebbad et al 2021 ; Xiao et al 2009 ; Zajaczkowska et al 2022 ). A historical report of an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in a veterinary hospital with multiple species involved which included humans also supports the zoonotic risk of the protozoan (Konkle et al 1997 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in a working horse population in Egypt

Salem,

Abd El-Ghany,

Elsheikh

et al. 2023

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Working horses support the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Egypt. No previous study has investigated the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in working horses in Egypt. Faecal samples were collected from 607 working horses recruited from thirty-seven villages/areas in two Egyptian governorates and examined for Cryptosporidium spp. infection using the modified Zielh-Neelsen staining technique. Data on signalment, history of recent diarrhoea, and strongyle burden were collected. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection was calculated using a bootstrap method and potential risk factors for infection were investigated using mixed-effects logistic regression models that included sampling location as a random-effects variable. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection was 28.7% (95% confidence interval = 23.5–33.9). None of the variables investigated, which include age, sex of the animals, and strongyle burden, were associated with risk of infection. This study provided evidence-based information on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in the study area. However, the potential zoonotic risk of Cryptosporidium cannot be confirmed until further studies are conducted to genotype these parasites.

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Horse-Specific Cryptosporidium Genotype in Human with Crohn's Disease and Arthritis

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in working horses in Egypt

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in working horses in Egypt

The Occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. in Wild-Living Carnivores in Poland—A Question Concerning Its Host Specificity

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in a working horse population in Egypt

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