Horse Flies and Deer Flies (Tabanidae)

Mullens, Bradley A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814043-7.00016-9

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Tabanids are exophilic and prefer rural environments. Depending on the species, the larvae can grow in mud, riverine vegetation of marshes and ponds, under the rocks of streams, or under the bedding of forests [101]. Adults live for between two and four weeks and are active between the end of May and August-September in Europe [99].…”

Section: Tabanidaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Females are powerful flyers, and when actively searching for a host, they can cover several kilometers [101]. Barros and co-workers showed that after the interruption of their meal, 40% of the horse flies in Brazil returned to the horse of origin while the percentage of partially engorged individuals passing from one horse to another horse at 5 and 25 m was 11% and 4.6%, respectively.…”

Section: Tabanidaementioning

confidence: 99%

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Putative Role of Arthropod Vectors in African Swine Fever Virus Transmission in Relation to Their Bio-Ecological Properties

Bonnet

Bouhsira

Regge

et al. 2020

Viruses

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African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most important diseases in Suidae due to its significant health and socioeconomic consequences and represents a major threat to the European pig industry, especially in the absence of any available treatment or vaccine. In fact, with its high mortality rate and the subsequent trade restrictions imposed on affected countries, ASF can dramatically disrupt the pig industry in afflicted countries. In September 2018, ASF was unexpectedly identified in wild boars from southern Belgium in the province of Luxembourg, not far from the Franco-Belgian border. The French authorities rapidly commissioned an expert opinion on the risk of ASF introduction and dissemination into metropolitan France. In Europe, the main transmission routes of the virus comprise direct contact between infected and susceptible animals and indirect transmission through contaminated material or feed. However, the seasonality of the disease in some pig farms in Baltic countries, including outbreaks in farms with high biosecurity levels, have led to questions on the possible involvement of arthropods in the transmission of the virus. This review explores the current body of knowledge on the most common arthropod families present in metropolitan France. We examine their potential role in spreading ASF—by active biological or mechanical transmission or by passive transport or ingestion—in relation to their bio-ecological properties. It also highlights the existence of significant gaps in our knowledge on vector ecology in domestic and wild boar environments and in vector competence for ASFV transmission. Filling these gaps is essential to further understanding ASF transmission in order to thus implement appropriate management measures.

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Section: Tabanidaementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tabanidaementioning

confidence: 99%

Putative Role of Arthropod Vectors in African Swine Fever Virus Transmission in Relation to Their Bio-Ecological Properties

Bonnet

Bouhsira

Regge

et al. 2020

Viruses

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“…Tabanids have the potential to transmit disease organisms mechanically (Mullens 2002). The bacterium that causes tularemia, for example, can be transmitted mechanically, although the proportion of human and livestock cases attributable to infection through tabanids is unknown.…”

Section: Rhagionidaementioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity of Biting Flies: Implications for Humanity

Adler

2009

Insect Biodiversity

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“…These include the eye worm Loa loa (sausing loaiasis) [ 2 , 7 , 10 , 11 ], the equine infectious anemia virus [ 12 – 14 ], Trypanosoma theileri [ 15 , 16 ] and T. evansi (Surra) which mainly infect livestock [ 2 ] but can also infect humans [ 17 ]. Further transmittable pathogens are Spiroplasma [ 18 – 20 ], Bacillus tularensis (causing tularemia) [ 21 ], Bacillus anthrax (Anthrax) [ 12 ], bovine mycoplasma [ 22 ], Elaeophora schneideri (causing elk and deer filariosis) [ 23 ] as well as Besnoitia besnoiti (causing bovine besnoitiosis) [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incompletely observed: niche estimation for six frequent European horsefly species (Diptera, Tabanoidea, Tabanidae)

2020

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Background More than 170 species of tabanids are known in Europe, with many occurring only in limited areas or having become very rare in the last decades. They continue to spread various diseases in animals and are responsible for livestock losses in developing countries. The current monitoring and recording of horseflies is mainly conducted throughout central Europe, with varying degrees of frequency depending on the country. To the detriment of tabanid research, little cooperation exists between western European and Eurasian countries. Methods For these reasons, we have compiled available sources in order to generate as complete a dataset as possible of six horsefly species common in Europe. We chose Haematopota pluvialis, Chrysops relictus, C. caecutiens, Tabanus bromius, T. bovinus and T. sudeticus as ubiquitous and abundant species within Europe. The aim of this study is to estimate the distribution, land cover usage and niches of these species. We used a surface-range envelope (SRE) model in accordance with our hypothesis of an underestimated distribution based on Eurocentric monitoring regimes. Results Our results show that all six species have a wide range in Eurasia, have a broad climatic niche and can therefore be considered as widespread generalists. Areas with modelled habitat suitability cover the observed distribution and go far beyond these. This supports our assumption that the current state of tabanid monitoring and the recorded distribution significantly underestimates the actual distribution. Our results show that the species can withstand extreme weather and climatic conditions and can be found in areas with only a few frost-free months per year. Additionally, our results reveal that species prefer certain land-cover environments and avoid other land-cover types. Conclusions The SRE model is an effective tool to calculate the distribution of species that are well monitored in some areas but poorly in others. Our results support the hypothesis that the available distribution data underestimate the actual distribution of the surveyed species.

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Horse Flies and Deer Flies (Tabanidae)

Cited by 38 publications

References 44 publications

Putative Role of Arthropod Vectors in African Swine Fever Virus Transmission in Relation to Their Bio-Ecological Properties

Putative Role of Arthropod Vectors in African Swine Fever Virus Transmission in Relation to Their Bio-Ecological Properties

Biodiversity of Biting Flies: Implications for Humanity

Incompletely observed: niche estimation for six frequent European horsefly species (Diptera, Tabanoidea, Tabanidae)

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