Horror Vacui: Emptiness Might Distinguish between Major Suicide Repeaters and Nonmajor Suicide Repeaters: A Pilot Study

Well-Being Therapy: Current Indications and Emerging Perspectives

“…An issue that is not sufficiently appreciated is the experience of mental pain many patients have [48,49,50,51]. Patients sometimes mention this experience spontaneously, but in other cases only upon specific questions (which, however, are seldom asked).…”

“…Grief provides an example of the sense of emptiness, loss of meaning and suffering that mental pain entails. Mental pain may or may not be associated with anxiety and/or depression [48,49,50,51]. It is conceivable and yet to be tested that WBT may counteract the manifestations of mental pain [16].…”

From the Serotonin Model of Suicide to a Mental Pain Model of Suicide

“…A major methodological problem is that there are repeaters among suicide attempters. Some of them appear to be particularly prone to repetition [32,33] and, therefore, can be ‘counted' several times in studies of suicide attempters. Obviously, there are no repeaters among completers.…”

“…The authors currently believe that mental pain is what unifies all SBs, and they have started to use measures reflecting mental pain which suggest that >90% of their patients with a suicide attempt report it [33]. …”

Clinical Pharmacopsychology: Conceptual Foundations and Emerging Tasks

“…Further, high sensitivity is required for detecting residual symptomatology, which was found to characterize the majority of patients who were judged to be remitted according to DSM criteria and no longer in need of active treatment [39]. Excessive reliance on symptoms that are part of diagnostic criteria of mental disorders (e.g., major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder) has impoverished clinical assessment in psychopharmacology and does not reflect the broad spectrum of variables that affect clinical presentations: subclinical distress [39], such as demoralization and irritable mood [40], psychological well-being and euthymia [41,42,43], mental pain [44,45,46,47], social adjustment [48], and neuroticism [49,50]. …”