Hormones and Drugs Affecting Hormonal Mechanisms

Fraunfelder, Frederick “Fritz” T.; Fraunfelder, Frederick “Rick” W.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-65375-6.00011-6

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 182 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Subconjunctival administration involves the injection of therapies into the space between the sclera and the conjunctiva, and are often used for administering drugs for treating posterior segment eye diseases such as uveitis [ 37 ]. However, subconjunctival injections are difficult to administer and not without their risks, where injections of steroids placed over a diseased cornea or sclera can cause thinning, temporary pain, and possibly a rupture at the site of the injection [ 38 ]. IVT injections are another method of delivering drugs into the eye for targeting diseases affecting the eye’s posterior segment.…”

Section: Current Principal Administration Routes For Ocular Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery Systems in Ocular Retinopathies: The Promising Future of Intravitreal Hydrogels as Sustained-Release Scaffolds

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Slow-release delivery systems are needed to ensure long-term sustained treatments for retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, which are currently treated with anti-angiogenic agents that require frequent intraocular injections. These can cause serious co-morbidities for the patients and are far from providing the adequate drug/protein release rates and required pharmacokinetics to sustain prolonged efficacy. This review focuses on the use of hydrogels, particularly on temperature-responsive hydrogels as delivery vehicles for the intravitreal injection of retinal therapies, their advantages and disadvantages for intraocular administration, and the current advances in their use to treat retinal diseases.

show abstract

Section: Current Principal Administration Routes For Ocular Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery Systems in Ocular Retinopathies: The Promising Future of Intravitreal Hydrogels as Sustained-Release Scaffolds

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has a probable association with intraoperative floppy iris syndrome and conditional association with retinal vascular accidents. 81,82 An ophthalmology practice reported evidence of visual dysfunction in 89% of patients taking finasteride. 28% of these patients had optic nerve and retinal damage as measured by visual evoked potentials and electroretinogram.…”

Section: Emergence Of Other Areas Of Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From organ injury to disability: a proposed model for 5-alpha reductase inhibitor syndrome

Montaigne¹

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Persistent dysfunctions emerging from use and discontinuation of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (PD-5ARI) may be explained as the aftermath of a pathological recovery from microvasculopathy or ischemia in multiple systems. Focusing on persistent sexual dysfunction, the most common class of symptoms: 5ARIs’ inhibition of angiogenesis leads to stress on penile microvasculature, depriving the tissue of blood supply and oxygen. These hypoxic conditions lead to tissue injury and atrophy, triggering a pathological recovery that further alters penile tissue, including smooth muscle loss, fibrosis, damage to vascular architecture and impairment of neural pathways supporting arousal and erectile function. This damaging cascade may result in severe and lasting sexual dysfunction. Persistent neuropsychiatric, cognitive, sensory and sleep dysfunctions emerging from 5ARI treatment may similarly be explained as pathological responses to microvasculopathy or ischemia in supporting structures, particularly those in the limbic system. Systemic spread is proposed to arise from a vicious cycle of tissue injury, oxidative stress and proinflammatory activity which spreads via the vascular network, leading to systemic endothelial dysfunction. The latter may in turn set off a damaging cascade in other organs and tissues. Risks of developing PD-5ARI may arise from 5ARI-mediated disruptions of vascular tone, angiogenesis and neoangiogenesis. Pharmacovigilance data, animal studies and human studies provide converging evidence for the proposed etiopathology. It is, moreover, consistent with variable presentation and severity of PD-5ARI symptoms; irreversibility of symptoms; typically normal results of clinical lab tests; and resistance to treatment.

show abstract

Hormones and Drugs Affecting Hormonal Mechanisms

Cited by 2 publications

References 182 publications

Delivery Systems in Ocular Retinopathies: The Promising Future of Intravitreal Hydrogels as Sustained-Release Scaffolds

Delivery Systems in Ocular Retinopathies: The Promising Future of Intravitreal Hydrogels as Sustained-Release Scaffolds

From organ injury to disability: a proposed model for 5-alpha reductase inhibitor syndrome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About