Hormone replacement therapy and risk of venous thromboembolism: population based case control study

Gutthann, Susanne Pérez; Rodrı́guez, Luis A. Garcı́a; Castellsagué, Jordi; Oliart, A. D.

doi:10.1016/s0378-5122(97)06004-0

Cited by 66 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The excess risk was 3.9 per 1,000 woman-years, and the number needed to cause harm in 1 additional women with established heart disease (average age, 66.7 years) was 256 (95% CI, 157-692). VTE is not confined to the first year of HT use, but the increased risk declines from approximately four-fold in the first year to less than two-fold after the third year of use (24,66,69,70). In HERS II, during the 2.7-year unblinded follow-up period, the VTE risk declined to a nonsignificant level (RH 1.40; 95% CI, 0.6 -3.0) (55).…”

Section: Venous Thromboembolismmentioning

confidence: 98%

Estrogen and progestogen therapy in postmenopausal women

2006

Fertility and Sterility

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Hormone therapy (HT) can be used to manage problems associated with the decline in ovarian estrogen production after menopause. Menopause occurs naturally when the ovarian follicular pool is functionally exhausted or can be induced by surgical removal of both ovaries. The resulting hypoestrogenic state may adversely affect estrogen target tissues, which include the brain, skeleton, and skin, as well as the cardiovascular and genitourinary systems. The concentration and function of hormone receptors varies in these organs and systems. Differences in genetics, body mass index, and body habitus also may influence the levels of endogenous estrogen and androgen in postmenopausal women. The frequency and severity of menopausal symptoms, the reaction of target tissues to estrogen deficiency, and the response to HT varies significantly among women.

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Section: Venous Thromboembolismmentioning

confidence: 98%

Estrogen and progestogen therapy in postmenopausal women

2006

Fertility and Sterility

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“…Venöse Thromboembolien treten bei Frauen im Alter zwischen 50 und 79 Jahren mit einer Prävalenz von etwa 1,3 Ereignissen/10 000/Jahr auf [75]. Eine Metaanalyse zeigte, dass eine Hormontherapie das relative Risiko etwa verdoppelt [76]; bei genetischer Disposition wie der APC-Resistenz (Faktor-V-Leiden-Punktmutation), die bei 2-7% der Frauen und Männer beschrieben wurde, wird ein Anstieg um den Faktor 15 angegeben [77].…”

Section: Thromboembolieunclassified

“…In einer Fallkontrollstudie wurde bei transdermaler Östrogenanwendung im Gegensatz zu oraler Östrogentherapie kein erhöhtes relatives Risiko für Thromboembolien gefunden [78]. Insgesamt ist die Studienlage nicht hinreichend, um das potentiell geringere Risiko parenteraler Applikationsformen derzeit beurteilen zu können [75,79].…”

Section: Thromboembolieunclassified

Endokrinologie—Teil I

et al. 2004

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“…Obwohl einige epidemiologische Studien aufzeigten,dass eine Östrogenbehandlung kognitive Funktionen erhalten und einer Demenz vorbeugen kann,konnten die Ergebnisse der WHI-Teilstudie zu kombinierter Hormontherapie diese Beobachtungen nicht bestätigen.Die WHI "Memory-Study" (WHIMS) untersuchte die älteren der WHIStudienteilnehmerinnen (4532 postmenopausale Frauen ab 65 Jahre) über insgesamt 4 Jahre ohne signifikante Verbesserung der globalen kognitiven Funktionen unter einer kombinierten Östrogen-Gestagen-Behandlung im Vergleich zu Placebo [18]. Frauen mit einer Hormonersatztherapie hatten häufiger Minderungen des Modified Mini-Mental State Examination Scores im Vergleich zur Placebotherapie (6,7 vs. 4,8%),wobei alle Werte auf einer Skala von 0 bis 100 zwischen 95 und 97 lagen.…”

Section: Kognitive Funktionenunclassified

Hormontherapie um die Menopause

Seifert-Klauss

Schumm–Draeger

2003

Der Internist

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While the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for prophylactic indications such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and Alzheimer's disease was increasingly propagated during the 1990s, recent studies have reported no risk reduction for women after myocardial infarction (HERS) or women from a mixed population with an average age of 63 years (Women's Health Initiative [WHI] Study). The results of the latter study even suggest an increased risk for cardiovascular events and breast cancer with previous or ongoing combined oral estrogen plus progestin. A final risk-benefit assessment for estrogen monotherapy will only be possible after the ongoing part of the WHI Study has been evaluated, expected in 2005. As effects, side effects, and contraindications for HRT in postmenopausal women are better known, the need for individualized risk assessment and the definition of therapeutic goals increases. Since the WHI Study did not address the risk-benefit ratio for women with perimenopausal complaints or osteoporosis or with lower dose hormone preparations commonly used in Germany, there is an urgent need to answer these open questions with large confirmative studies.

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Hormone replacement therapy and risk of venous thromboembolism: population based case control study

Cited by 66 publications

References 17 publications

Estrogen and progestogen therapy in postmenopausal women

Estrogen and progestogen therapy in postmenopausal women

Endokrinologie—Teil I

Hormontherapie um die Menopause

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