Hormone concentrations throughout uncomplicated pregnancies: a longitudinal study

Schöck, Helena; Zeleniuch‐Jacquotte, Anne; Lundin, Eva; Grankvist, Kjell; Lakso, Hans-Åke; Idahl, Annika; Lehtinen, Matti; Surcel, Heljä‐Marja; Fortner, Renée T.

doi:10.1186/s12884-016-0937-5

Cited by 175 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Androgen concentrations are relatively stable in pregnancy (24), however, we excluded FMC members in sensitivity analyses given that all women were pregnant at the time they provided a blood sample. Finally, we conducted a sensitivity analysis after exclusion of women diagnosed within two years after blood donation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgens Are Differentially Associated with Ovarian Cancer Subtypes in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium

et al. 2017

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Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. The etiology of EOC remains elusive; however, experimental and epidemiologic data suggest a role for hormone-related exposures in ovarian carcinogenesis and risk factor differences by histologic phenotypes and developmental pathways. Research on pre-diagnosis androgen concentrations and EOC risk has yielded inconclusive results, and analyses incorporating EOC subtypes are sparse. We conducted a pooled analysis of 7 nested case-control studies in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium to investigate the association between pre-diagnosis circulating androgens (testosterone, free testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS)), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and EOC risk by tumor characteristics (i.e. histology, grade, and stage). The final study population included 1,331 EOC cases and 3,017 matched controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to assess risk associations in pooled individual data. Testosterone was positively associated with EOC risk (all subtypes combined, Odds Ratio (OR)log2=1.12 [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.02–1.24]); other endogenous androgens and SHBG were not associated with overall risk. Higher concentrations of testosterone and androstenedione associated with an increased risk in endometrioid and mucinous tumors (e.g., testosterone, endometrioid tumors, ORlog2=1.40 [1.03–1.91]), but not serous or clear cell. An inverse association was observed between androstenedione and high grade serous tumors (ORlog2=0.76 [0.60–0.96]). Our analyses provide further evidence for a role of hormone-related pathways in EOC risk, with differences in associations between androgens and histologic subtypes of EOC.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgens Are Differentially Associated with Ovarian Cancer Subtypes in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium

et al. 2017

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“…Parity represents a complex addition to the estimation given the role of immune factors in pregnancy such as the proliferation of regulatory T cells (39), which is suggested to protect against AD (40). In addition, estrogen levels rise up to 300-fold throughout pregnancy (41) and fall 100-1000 fold postnatally (42), often in relation to breastfeeding (8), of which the duration influences the number of total menstrual cycles within a woman's reproductive years (11,43). Parous women may also have shorter menstrual cycles and lower levels of estradiol than nulliparous women (44,45), indicating that age at first birth also influences lifetime estrogen exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women’s brain aging: effects of sex-hormone exposure, pregnancies, and genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease

A-M.

Barth

Kaufmann

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Estrogen exposure may influence women's risk of Alzheimer's disease, but little is known about how it affects normal brain aging. Recent findings from the UK Biobank demonstrate less evidence of brain aging in women with a history of multiple childbirths. Here, we investigated the link between brain aging, estrogen exposure, and APOE genotype beyond the effects of parity in 16,854 UK Biobank women. Machine learning was used to predict brain age based on neuroimaging-derived measures, and the difference between an individual's predicted and chronological age was used as an estimate of brain aging. Cumulative estrogen exposure was estimated using an index including age at menarche and menopause, BMI, time since menopause, and duration of hormone replacement therapy. Endogenous hormone exposure was approximated by reproductive span, while exogenous exposure was estimated by usage, onset, and duration of hormone replacement therapy and oral contraceptives. Higher cumulative, endogenous, and exogenous estrogen exposure were each linked to higher brain age relative to chronological age. Earlier onset of hormone replacement therapy, particularly before menopause, was associated with less evident brain aging in APOE e4 carriers only, while higher circulating estradiol levels during menopause were linked to more evident brain aging in carriers and less evident brain aging in non-carriers. The results indicate that estrogen exposure and parity may differentially relate to women's brain aging, and that APOE e4-specific associations between estrogen and brain aging may be of importance for optimizing hormone replacement therapy regimes in perimenopausal women. Women's health | Estrogens | Parity | Apolipoproteins E | Neuroimaging | Machine learningCorrespondence: a.m.g.d.lange@psykologi.uio.no claudia.barth@medisin.uio.no

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“…One of the earliest studies on progesterone in pregnancy showed an increasing trend of plasma progesterone from conception to delivery [12]. A more recent study by Schock et al further highlighted this increasing trend throughout pregnancy [13]. However, little is known about the distribution of serum progesterone in early pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum progesterone distribution in normal pregnancies compared to pregnancies complicated by threatened miscarriage from 5 to 13 weeks gestation: a prospective cohort study

Allen

Lek

et al. 2018

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundProgesterone is a critical hormone in early pregnancy. A low level of serum progesterone is associated with threatened miscarriage. We aim to establish the distribution of maternal serum progesterone in normal pregnancies compared to pregnancies complicated by threatened miscarriage from 5 to 13 weeks gestation.MethodsThis is a single centre, prospective cohort study of 929 patients. Women from the Normal Pregnancy [NP] cohort were recruited from antenatal clinics, and those in the Threatened Miscarriage [TM] cohort were recruited from emergency walk-in clinics. Women with multiple gestations, missed, incomplete or inevitable miscarriage were excluded from the study. Quantile regression was used to characterize serum progesterone levels in the NP and TM cohorts by estimating the 10th, 50th and 90th percentiles from 5 to 13 weeks gestation. Pregnancy outcome was determined at 16 weeks of gestation. Subgroup analysis within the TM group compared progesterone levels of women who subsequently miscarried with those who had ongoing pregnancies at 16 weeks of gestation.ResultsMedian serum progesterone concentration demonstrated a linearly increasing trend from 57.5 nmol/L to 80.8 nmol/L from 5 to 13 weeks gestation in the NP cohort. In the TM cohort, median serum progesterone concentration increased from 41.7 nmol/L to 78.1 nmol/L. However, median progesterone levels were uniformly lower in the TM cohort by approximately 10 nmol/L at every gestation week. In the subgroup analysis, median serum progesterone concentration in women with ongoing pregnancy at 16 weeks gestation demonstrated a linearly increasing trend from 5 to 13 weeks gestation. There was a marginal and non-significant increase in serum progesterone from 19.0 to 30.3 nmol/L from 5 to 13 weeks gestation in women who eventually had a spontaneous miscarriage.ConclusionsSerum progesterone concentration increased linearly with gestational age from 5 to 13 weeks in women with normal pregnancies. Women with spontaneous miscarriage showed a marginal and non-significant increase in serum progesterone. This study highlights the pivotal role of progesterone in supporting an early pregnancy, with lower serum progesterone associated with threatened miscarriage and a subsequent complete miscarriage at 16 weeks gestation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12884-018-2002-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Hormone concentrations throughout uncomplicated pregnancies: a longitudinal study

Cited by 175 publications

References 41 publications

Androgens Are Differentially Associated with Ovarian Cancer Subtypes in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium

Androgens Are Differentially Associated with Ovarian Cancer Subtypes in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium

Women’s brain aging: effects of sex-hormone exposure, pregnancies, and genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease

Serum progesterone distribution in normal pregnancies compared to pregnancies complicated by threatened miscarriage from 5 to 13 weeks gestation: a prospective cohort study

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