Hormonal, sonographic, and body composition changes in egyptian adolescent girls with hyperandrogenic manifestations

Abstract

Objective. Hyperandrogenism is any clinical or laboratory evidence of androgen excess in women. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of hyperandrogenic disorders especially polycystic ovary syndrome in a random sample of adolescent girls, as well as to identify the clinical, hormonal, ultrasonic, and body composition characteristics associated with such disorders.Patients and Methods. Two hundred school girls (15-18 years old) were selected by random sampling from different secondary schools, and screened for hyperandrogenic disorders by a validated questionnaire and subjected to thorough confirmatory investigations.Results. Twenty-five out of the 200 students were thoroughly evaluated. Eighteen adolescents of the examined students (72%) were finally diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome, 5 (20%) with idiopathic hyperandrogenism and 2 (8%) with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia . Despite normal weight percentiles and body mass index for age and sex in 83.3% and 88.9% of students with polycystic ovary syndrome respectively, fat mass, trunk fat percentage, trunk fat mass, and trunk free fat were significantly higher in polycystic ovary syndrome patients compared to controls.Conclusions. Polycystic ovary syndrome was the most common hyperandrogenic disorder in this study. Combined menstrual dysfunction and clinical hyperandrogenism had adequate sensitivity and high specificity in the prediction of polycystic ovary syndrome. Pulse inversion harmonic imaging is an adequately sensitive preferential diagnostic tool of polycystic ovary syndrome in virgin adolescents who may have central adiposity. Body composition assessment by bioelectrical impedence is valuable in detecting central adiposity which could be correlated to parameters of insulin resistance.