Hormonal Sex Reversal and Evidence of Female Homogamety in Black Crappie

Gomelsky, Boris; Mims, Steven D.; Onders, Richard J.; Bean, William B.

doi:10.1577/1548-8454(2002)064<0066:hsraeo>2.0.co;2

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A more recent study found evidence that centrarchid males are the heterozygous sex (Gomelsky et al 2002), but did not assess whether this heterozygosity is limited to one or a few loci or extends to a large fraction of one of the 48 chromosomes (still a small fraction of the total genome). In some fishes the difference between male-and female-determining chromosomes is restricted to a few hundred kilobases or fewer of male-specific sequence (Kondo et al 2003).…”

Section: Slow Loss Of Hybrid Viability In Centrarchidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tempo of Hybrid Inviability in Centrarchid Fishes (Teleostei: Centrarchidae)

2005

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Hybrid viability decreases with divergence time, a pattern consistent with a so-called speciation clock. However, the actual rate at which this clock ticks is poorly known. Most speciation-clock studies have used genetic divergence as a proxy for time, adopting a molecular clock and often far-distant calibration points to convert genetic distances into age. Because molecular clock assumptions are violated for most genetic datasets and distant calibrations are of questionable utility, the actual rate at which reproductive isolation evolves may be substantially different than current estimates suggest. We provide a robust measure of the tempo at which hybrid viability declines with divergence time in a clade of freshwater fishes (Centrarchidae). This incompatibility clock is distinct from a speciation clock because speciation events in centrarchids appear to be driven largely by prezygotic isolation. Our analyses used divergence times estimated with penalized likelihood applied to a phylogeny derived from seven gene regions and calibrated with six centrarchid fossils. We found that hybrid embryo viability declined at mean rate of 3.13% per million years, slower than in most other taxa investigated to date. Despite measurement error in both molecular estimated ages and hatching success of hybrid crosses, divergence time explained between 73% and 90% of the variation in hybrid viability among nodes. This high correlation is consistent with the gradual accumulation of many genetic incompatibilities of small effect. Hybrid viability declined with the square of time, consistent with an increasing rate of accumulation of incompatibilities between divergent genomes (the snowball effect). However, the quadratic slope is due to a lag phase resulting from heterosis among young species pairs, a phenomenon rarely considered in predictions of hybrid fitness. Finally, we found that reciprocal crosses often show asymmetrical hybrid viabilities. We discuss several alternative explanations for this result including possible deleterious cytonuclear interactions. Speciation-clock studies have been a small cottage industry recently, but there are still novel insights to be gained from analyses of more taxonomic groups. However, between-group comparisons require more careful molecular-clock calibration than has been the norm.

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Section: Slow Loss Of Hybrid Viability In Centrarchidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tempo of Hybrid Inviability in Centrarchid Fishes (Teleostei: Centrarchidae)

2005

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“…Al-Ablani and Phelps (1997) achieved 90% males starting with an older fry (40 days old), higher dosage (60 mg MT/kg), and shorter MT duration (30 days). Gomelsky et al (2002) used the same dosage as the present study, but in an older fry (37 days old) and produced 95% males. In a second attempt, Gomelsky (unpublished data) tried to achieve sex reversal in older fry (45 days old) but attained only 56% males (vs. 24% males in control).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is the first report of the ability of a sex-reversed male black crappie to reproduce naturally and to produce all-female progeny. In a previous study on sex reversal in this species, the progenies from sex-reversed males were obtained artificially by sacrificing the fish and macerating their testes (Gomelsky et al, 2002). Unfortunately, the number of fish in progeny 1-2004 was low and, supposedly, not sufficient for androgen treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AlAblani and Phelps (1997) obtained 90% masculinization by feeding fish with feed containing 17α-methyltestosterone (MT). Gomelsky et al (2002) achieved 95% masculinization by oral administration of MT. Finally, Arslan and Phelps (2004) accomplished 100% masculinization by immersing fry in TBA and MT solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This method of genetic sex regulation allows the production of monosex populations on a large scale by a simple breeding process, eliminates the need for continued use of hormones, and ensures that hormone-treated fish will not be consumed by humans (Hunter and Donaldson, 1983;Devlin and Nagahama, 2002). Gomelsky et al (2002) successfully induced hormonal sexreversal in black crappie and demonstrated female homogamety (females XX, males XY) in this species. For species with female homogamety, the most practical way of genetic sex regulation is crossing sex-reversed (XX) males (neomales) with normal females (XX) for the production of all-female progeny.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress in Studies on Hormonal Sex Reversal and Genetic Sex Control in Black Crappie

Cuevas‐Uribe

Gomelsky

Mims

et al. 2009

Reviews in Fisheries Science

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Sex control can solve the problem of stunted black crappie populations in small impoundments. The main objectives of the present study were (1) to identify sex-reversed males of black crappie from a previously obtained androgen-treated group using test crosses, and (2) to develop broodstock of sex-reversed males by masculinization of fish from those crosses. An additional objective of the study was to try to identify sex-specific RAPD markers, which might be used for identification of sex-reversed males. The progenies resulting from test crosses were divided into two groups: Group I (control) fish were raised without hormonal treatment, while Group II fish were subjected to androgen (MT) treatment. Seven progenies were obtained from the cross of preliminary androgen-treated males with normal females. Six of seven progenies had sex ratio in Groups I close to 1:1, and one progeny consisted of females only. This shows that only one male, which generated this progeny, was a sex-reversed homogametic fish (XX) while the other males were heterogametic normal (XY) fish. In Group II the androgen 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) was orally administered to crappie with an artificial diet (30 mg/kg) for 40 days beginning 35 days post hatching; androgen-treated groups consisted of 95-100% males. Sex-specific random-amplified polymorphic DNA markers were not identified in black crappie.

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Sex‐Determining Mechanisms and Control of Sex Differentiation in Largemouth Bass and Crappies

Arslan

2018

Sex Control in Aquaculture

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Hormonal Sex Reversal and Evidence of Female Homogamety in Black Crappie

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Tempo of Hybrid Inviability in Centrarchid Fishes (Teleostei: Centrarchidae)

Tempo of Hybrid Inviability in Centrarchid Fishes (Teleostei: Centrarchidae)

Progress in Studies on Hormonal Sex Reversal and Genetic Sex Control in Black Crappie

Sex‐Determining Mechanisms and Control of Sex Differentiation in Largemouth Bass and Crappies

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