Hormonal modulation of mineral metabolism in reproduction

Robinson, Christopher; Hall, Judith G.; Beshir, Safia

doi:10.1079/pns19830022

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Studies of bone metabolism during pregnancy have shown that during this time there is an increased demand for calcium that is satisfied either by dietary calcium or by physiological reserves in the body (28). Maternal bone may serve as a major source of calcium for the fetus, as reflected by changes in bone formation rate, loss of bone mineral as a function of the number of pregnancies, and osteoporosis in some cases (29)(30)(31), particularly in women whose diets are deficient in calcium. Since lead has been found to be incorporated into bone in a way similar to calcium (32), it appears likely that pregnancy and lactation release accumulated lead as well as calcium from bone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and environmental determinants of blood and bone lead levels in lactating postpartum women living in Mexico City.

Hernández-Ávila

González-Cossı́o

Palazuelos

et al. 1996

Environ Health Perspect

103

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Despite the recent declines in environmental lead exposure in the United States and Mexico, the potential for delayed toxicity from bone lead stores remains a significant public health concern. Some evidence indicates that mobilization of lead from bone may be markedly enhanced during the increased bone turnover of pregnancy and lactation, resulting in lead exposure to the fetus and the breast-fed infant. We conducted a cross-sectional investigation of the interrelationships between environmental, dietary, and lifestyle histories, blood lead levels, and bone lead levels among 98 recently postpartum women living in Mexico City. Lead levels in the patella (representing trabecular bone) and tibia (representing cortical bone) were measured by K X-ray fluorescence (KXRF). Multivariate linear regression models showed that significant predictors of higher blood lead included a history of preparing or storing food in lead-glazed ceramic ware, lower milk consumption, and higher levels of lead in patella bone. A 34 micrograms/g increase in patella lead (from the medians of the lowest to the highest quartiles) was associated with an increase in blood lead of 2.4 micrograms/dl. Given the measurement error associated with KXRF and the extrapolation of lead burden from a single bone site, this contribution probably represents an underestimate of the influence of trabecular bone on blood lead. Significant predictors of bone lead in multivariate models included years living in Mexico City, lower consumption of high calcium content foods, and nonuse of calcium supplements for the patella and years living in Mexico City, older age, and lower calcium intake for tibia bone. Low consumption of milk and cheese, as compared to the highest consumption category (every day), was associated with an increase in tibia bone lead of 9.7 micrograms Pb/g bone mineral. The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that patella bone is a significant contributor to blood lead during lactation and that consumption of high calcium content foods may protect against the accumulation of lead in bone. Images Figure 1. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and environmental determinants of blood and bone lead levels in lactating postpartum women living in Mexico City.

Hernández-Ávila

González-Cossı́o

Palazuelos

et al. 1996

Environ Health Perspect

103

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“…During lactation, about 400 and 1600 mg/day is secreted in breastmilk each day (24). The recommended daily intake of calcium is even greater, about 1300 mg/day (25). At this time, both calcium absorption increases and calcium is drawn from bone stores.…”

Section: Mineral Metabolism During Pregnancy and Lactationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pregnancy and lactation place significant demands on the availability of calcium from the diet and from physiological stores in mineralized tissue (24,25). As shown in Figures 2 and 3, during pregnancy, two major changes affect calcium physiology: first, blood volume significantly increases, which requires increased circulating calcium to maintain normal [Ca2+], and second, the fetus exerts a demand for calcium for ossification and growth.…”

Section: Mineral Metabolism During Pregnancy and Lactationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Figures 2 and 3, during pregnancy, two major changes affect calcium physiology: first, blood volume significantly increases, which requires increased circulating calcium to maintain normal [Ca2+], and second, the fetus exerts a demand for calcium for ossification and growth. This second requirement for calcium is greatest during the third trimester when the fetus obtains about 20 g of the total intrauterine requirement of 30 g ofcalcium (25,26). During lactation, an additional and even greater demand is placed upon maternal sources of calcium for the secretion of this essential mineral in breast milk (Fig.…”

Section: Mineral Metabolism During Pregnancy and Lactationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been assumed that adequate dietary intake of calcium will prevent demineralization of maternal bone (25). However, the clinical data are still incomplete, in that many studies were not controlled for calcium intake or measurement of calcium balance.…”

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Lead in bone: implications for toxicology during pregnancy and lactation.

Silbergeld

1991

Environ Health Perspect

267

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Advances in understanding the distribution and retention of lead in mineralized tissues are important for two reasons: first, bone lead may be a more accurate dosimeter of integrated absorption associated with chronic exposures, and second, bone lead may be a source of internal exposure to the host organism. Little attention has been paid to this second aspect, the remobilization of lead from bone. Mobilization of lead from bone is likely to occur during periods of altered mineral metabolism; since calciotropic factors determine the uptake and storage of lead in this compartment, changes in calcium-related regulatory factors are likely to affect lead compartmentation. Calcium metabolism changes drastically in humans during pregnancy and lactation; although relatively little is known of lead kinetics during these critical periods, it is likely that bone lead is mobilized and transferred to the more bioavailable compartment of the maternal circulation, with potential toxic effects on the fetus and the mother.

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Influence of hydrocortison acetate on the evolution of the nutritive utilization of calcium and phosphorus and their contents on the Longissimus dorsi muscle during gestation in the rat

Aranda

López-Jurado

Llopis

et al. 1987

Nahrung

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The evolution of the nutritive utilization and plasma and muscular content of calcium and phosphorus in rats is studied, as well as the influence that hydrocortisone acetate has (4 mg/100 g weight and day), on them. In pregnant rats injected with saline solution, the retention of calcium is higher on the days 15-18 as a consequence of the increase on the net absorption of the cation. The balance of phosphorus reaches its maximum hight on days 18-21 of gestation, due to the decrease of the urinary excretion during these days. The administration of hydrocortisone acetate to pregnant rats originate a decrease of the net absorption and an increase of the urinary excretion of calcium and phosphorus, which leads to significantly lower balances than those of animals injected with saline solution. The hormone maintains the animals in a negative balance of phosphorus until day 18 of gestation. Besides, it impedes the high retention of calcium which is found with the control pregnant rats on days 15-18. In general, the content in calcium and phosphorus by gram of dry matter of Longissimus dorsi muscle is not modified during gestation. From day 9 of the treatment with hydrocortisone acetate a significant decrease of calcium and phosphorus of the muscle is observed, that in calcium is the more marked the more the treatment is prolonged. This effect seems to be due to the catabolic action of the hormone.

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Hormonal modulation of mineral metabolism in reproduction

Cited by 15 publications

References 50 publications

Dietary and environmental determinants of blood and bone lead levels in lactating postpartum women living in Mexico City.

Dietary and environmental determinants of blood and bone lead levels in lactating postpartum women living in Mexico City.

Lead in bone: implications for toxicology during pregnancy and lactation.

Influence of hydrocortison acetate on the evolution of the nutritive utilization of calcium and phosphorus and their contents on the Longissimus dorsi muscle during gestation in the rat

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