Hormonal Control of Energy and Protein Metabolism

McDowell, GH; Annison, E. F.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-702290-1.50018-7

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…The glucogenic-insulin theory is based on a competition for nutrients between the mammary glands and nonmammary tissues, and tissue differences in response to insulin. The theory was first proposed by McClymont & Vallance (88) to explain the MFD that occurs with LF diets, and it was subsequently elaborated by Jenny et al (75), Annison (1), and others (10, 49,52,89,115). Propionate and glucose are secretagogues for pancreatic release of insulin, and LF diets result in increased rumen production of propionate (114) and hepatic rates of gluconeogenesis (2).…”

Section: Glucogenic-insulin Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

NUTRITIONAL REGULATION OF MILK FAT SYNTHESIS

2003

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Certain diets cause a marked reduction in milk fat production in ruminants. Commonly referred to as milk fat depression (MFD), the mechanism involves an interrelationship between rumen microbial processes and tissue metabolism. Numerous theories to explain this interrelationship have been proposed and investigations offer little support for theories that are based on a limitation in the supply of lipogenic precursors. Rather, the basis involves alterations in rumen biohydrogenation of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and a specific inhibition of mammary synthesis of milk fat. The biohydrogenation theory proposes that under certain dietary conditions, typical pathways of rumen biohydrogenation are altered to produce unique fatty acid intermediates that inhibit milk fat synthesis. Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been identified as one example that is correlated with the reduction in milk fat. Investigations with pure isomers have shown that trans-10, cis-12 CLA is a potent inhibitor of milk fat synthesis, and similar to diet-induced MFD, the mechanism involves a coordinated reduction in mRNA abundance for key enzymes involved in the biochemical pathways of fat synthesis. A more complete identification of these naturally produced inhibitors of fat synthesis and delineation of cellular mechanisms may offer broader opportunities for application and understanding of the regulation of lipid metabolism.

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Section: Glucogenic-insulin Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

NUTRITIONAL REGULATION OF MILK FAT SYNTHESIS

2003

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“…Segundo McDowelL & AnnisoN (1991), o GH promove o crescimento (estimula a divisão celular, o crescimento esquelético e a síntese protéica), é lipolítico (promove a liberação de ácidos graxos e inibe a síntese de gordura no tecido adiposo) e é diabetogênico (induz resistência periférica à insulina).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Peso vivo final, ganho de peso, características de carcaça e concentrações plasmáticas de IGF-I e hormônios tireoideanos de bezerros mestiços Angus-Nelore recebendo somatotropina bovina recombinante (rbST) até a desmama

et al. 2005

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RESUMO -Objetivando estudar o efeito da somatotropina bovina recombinante (rbST) sobre o desempenho, as características de carcaça e as concentrações plasmáticas de IGF-I e hormônios tireoideanos, 36 bezerros mestiços ½ Angus-Nelore com idade de 63 ± 17 dias e pesando 76,8 ± 14,7 kg, criados em pastagens de Brachiaria decumbens e suplementados em creep feeding, foram submetidos a dois tratamentos até a desmama (217 dias): I) 18 bezerros receberam 1,4 mg/kg de rbST (Boostin ® ) a cada 14 dias; II) 18 bezerros controle receberam solução salina. As pesagens e colheitas de sangue foram realizadas a cada 28 dias e, à desmama, foram abatidos cinco animais de cada tratamento, para avaliação das características de carcaça. Os animais tratados apresentaram maior ganho de peso médio diário e peso vivo final, maiores concentrações plasmáticas de IGF-I e T4 que os bezerros controle. Os parâmetros peso de carcaça quente, rendimento de carcaça, pesos de traseiro e dianteiro, gordura peri-renal, peso de fígado, área de olho de lombo, espessura de gordura subcutânea, pesos dos músculos do quarto do traseiro e concentração plasmática de T3 não diferiram entre os tratamentos. A utilização de rbST proporcionou aumento de 7,9% no ganho de peso vivo e alterou o perfil hormonal de bezerros suplementados em creep feeding durante a fase de cria, não refletindo, entretanto, em maior peso ou rendimento de carcaça. Palavras-chave: creep feeding, crescimento, superprecoce Effects of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin (rbST) on Production, Carcass Traits, and Plasmatic Concentrations of IGF-I and Thyroid Hormones on Pre-Weaning CrossbredAngus-Nellore Calves ABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on production, carcass traits, and plasmatic concentrations of IGF-I and thyroid hormones on crossbred Angus-Nellore male calves. Thirty-six calves averaging 63 ± 17 days old and 76.8 ± 14.7 kg of body weight (BW) grazing Brachiaria decumbens and creep fed were randomly assigned (18 calves per treatment) to one of two treatments until weaning (217 days) as follows: I) 1.4 mg of rbST (Boostin®)/kg of BW every 14 days or II) similar dosage of saline solution. Every 28 days calves were weighed and blood samples collected; at weaning, five animals from each treatment were slaughtered for carcass evaluation. The rbST-treated calves had greater average daily weight gain, final weight, and plasmatic concentrations of both IGF-I and T4 than those receiving saline solution. Weights of hot carcass, forequarter, hindquarter, hindquarter muscles, and liver as well as dressing percentage, kidney and pelvic fat, rib eye area, backfat thickness, and plasmatic concentrations of T3 were all not affected by rbST. Use of rbST increased body weight gain (7.9%) and changed the hormonal status of pre-weaning creep-fed calves compared to the use of saline solution but did not improve carcass weight or dressing percentage.

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