Hormonal Control of Brunner's Glands

Stening, G. Frank; Grossman, Morton I.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(69)80006-5

Cited by 58 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It is of interest that secretin was apparently without effect in the mid jejunum and its influence thus seems to be sharply limited to an area in the proximal jejunum. The possibility arises that the effect of secretin was produced by stimulation of Brunner's glands secretion (Stening and Grossman, 1969). However, it seems unlikely that Brunner's glands are present in the jejunum in sufficient numbers to produce the effects noted here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

The influence of secretin on ion transport in the human jejunum

Hicks¹,

Turnberg²

1973

Gut

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SUMMARY Using a triple-lumen tube perfusion technique in normal human subjects secretin (2U/kg/hour intravenously) was shown to reduce the absorption of sodium, potassium, and chloride in the most proximal 30 cm of jejunum but it had no effect on bicarbonate absorption. This effect was not due to an artefact produced by the entry of secretin-stimulated, bicarbonate-rich, pancreatic juice into the test segment. Absorption of sodium chloride and water was stimulated rather than inhibited by higher bicarbonate concentrations and the effect of secretin was obvious even when this factor was controlled by adjusting the bicarbonate concentrations of the test fluids. Secretin did not influence ion transport in the mid-jejunum. It is suggested that the effects described may indicate a physiological role for secretin in the intestine where it could prevent the too rapid dehydration of upper jejunal contents which might interfere with adequate mixing and digestion.The effects of secretin on electrolyte secretion by the pancreas, biliary tree, and stomach are well recognized (Wormsley, 1968;Jonson, Sundman, and Thulin, 1964;Johnson and Grossman, 1971). There are, however, conflicting data on the effect of secretin on intestinal transport (Modigliani, Huet, Rambaud, and Bernier, 1971;Mekhjian, King, Sanzenbacher, and Zollinger, 1972;Moritz, Finkelstein, Meshkinpour, Fingerut, Siplet, and Lorber, 1972;Gardner, Peskin, Cerda, and Brooks, 1967;Barbezat and Grossman, 1971) and the present studies were performed to delineate more clearly its influence in the human jejunum and to assess the possibility that it is involved in the normal control of intestinal ion movement. MethodsThirty-seven normal human adult volunteers who were fit undergraduate and postgraduate students aged 18 to 40 years were investigated using the triple-lumen tube perfusion technique of Ingelfinger (Cooper, Levitan, Fordtran, and Ingelfinger, 1966).This is an open-ended system which incorporates a 10 cm mixing segment to allow for endogenous secretions which enter the intestine from above. Test solutions were infused into the intestine at a constant rate and intestinal contents were conReceived for publication 13 March 1973. tinuously sampled, 10 cm and 40 cm distal to the point of infusion. Any changes in concentration which took place between the two aspiration sites must have occurred because of absorption or secretion within the segment of intestine lying between them. Since the proximal aspiration point always lay at least 20 cm distal to the ampulla of Vater, pancreatic and biliary secretion, although influencing the flow rate of fluid into the test segment of intestine, cannot be responsible for changes in concentration which occurred between the two aspiration sites. Any measured absorption or secretion thus occurs within the segment of intestine studied.Electrolyte and non-absorbable marker concentrations were measured in samples taken from the two aspiration sites.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

The influence of secretin on ion transport in the human jejunum

Hicks¹,

Turnberg²

1973

Gut

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“…Mediation of increased secretion in response to acid involves local release of prostaglandins as well as the activation of neural reflexes. In addition to acid, fatty acids and amino acids liberated by digestive enzymes stimulate the synthesis and release of gastrointestinal hormones, which then enter the systemic circulation, where they can influence secretory responses (8,9,19,38).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In mammalian species, secretions from Brunner's glands contribute to the flow of mucin by the epithelium (18,38). Brunner's glands may also contribute bicarbonate to this mucus secretion (19,21,31), but there is some controversy as to the importance of this latter role (1,30).…”

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confidence: 99%

A novel in vitro model of Brunner's gland secretion in the guinea pig duodenum

Moore¹,

Morris

Vanner³

2000

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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A novel in vitro model that combined functional and morphological techniques was employed to directly examine pathways regulating Brunner's gland secretion in isolation from epithelium. In vitro submucosal preparations were dissected from guinea pig duodenum. A videomicroscopy technique was used to measure changes in luminal diameter of glandular acini as an index of activation of secretion. Carbachol elicited concentration-dependent dilations of the lumen (EC(50) = 2 microM) by activating muscarinic receptors on acinar cells. Ultrastructural and histological analyses demonstrated that dilation was accompanied by single and compound exocytosis of mucin-containing granules and the accumulation of mucoid material within the lumen. Inflammatory mediators (histamine, PGE(1), PGE(2)) and intestinal hormones (CCK, gastrin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, secretin) also stimulated glandular secretion, whereas activation of submucosal secretomotor neurons by 5-hydroxytryptamine did not. This study directly demonstrates that multiple hormonal, inflammatory, and neurocrine agents activate Brunner's glands, whereas many have dissimilar effects on the epithelium. This suggests that Brunner's glands are regulated by pathways that act both in parallel to and in isolation from those controlling epithelial secretion.

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“…Similarly, histamine and prostigmin given 30 and 90 min after oral challenge rapidly reversed the effect of starvation, suggesting that they operated by restoration of normal secretory function in the intestine. This is supported by Stening and Grossman (1969) who demonstrated that secretory processes in the small intestine were diminished during starvation and that food or histamine would instantly stimulate secretion. As stated earlier, there is a measurable antibacterial process occurring in the small intestine, and it seems likely from our findings that intestinal secretions provide a necessary factor in this process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Antibacterial Mechanisms in the Intestine

Knop

Rowley

1975

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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Summary The elimination of 32P‐labelled V. cholerae organisms from the gastrointestinal tract of adult mice has been followed. Orally inoculated V. cholerae organisms are rapidly reduced in viable numbers. The parameters involved in the elimination of the viable bacteria are killing by gastric acid, mechanical removal by peristalsis and killing in the small intestine. Inhibition of one or more of these parameters by different treatments delays or prevents the elimination of the organisms. Results obtained in starved animals suggest that secretory processes in the small intestine contribute to the killing of the organisms.

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Hormonal Control of Brunner's Glands

Cited by 58 publications

References 17 publications

The influence of secretin on ion transport in the human jejunum

The influence of secretin on ion transport in the human jejunum

A novel in vitro model of Brunner's gland secretion in the guinea pig duodenum

Antibacterial Mechanisms in the Intestine

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