Hormonal and reproductive factors and the risk of ovarian cancer

Koushik, Anita; Grundy, Anne; Abrahamowicz, Michał; Arseneau, Jocelyne; Gilbert, Lucy; Gotlieb, Walter H.; Lacaille, Julie; Mes-Masson, Anne-Marie; Parent, Marie‐Élise; Provencher, Diane; Richardson, Lesley; Siemiatycki, Jack

doi:10.1007/s10552-016-0848-9

Cited by 35 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As previously reported, 30 cases and controls who refused to participate were slightly older and had lower education levels. As previously reported, 30 cases and controls who refused to participate were slightly older and had lower education levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…30 Briefly, women aged 18-79 who were Canadian citizens able to communicate in French or English and who resided in the Greater Montreal area were eligible for inclusion in the study. 30 Briefly, women aged 18-79 who were Canadian citizens able to communicate in French or English and who resided in the Greater Montreal area were eligible for inclusion in the study.…”

Section: Study Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 The proportion of missing values was <3% across the covariates, thus, we conducted simple imputation whereby the median value among controls was imputed for continuous variables (duration of OC use, BMI, pack-years of smoking) and the modal value among controls was imputed for nominal variables (family history of ovarian and breast cancer, current family financial situation, ever use of HRT). Covariates considered as potential confounders were family history of ovarian or breast cancer, ever use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), duration of oral contraceptive (OC) use, parity, history of tubal ligation, duration of breastfeeding, highest level of education completed, pack-years of smoking and body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2 ) based on self-reported height and weight 2 years prior to interview/diagnosis.…”

Section: Analysis Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PRevention of OVArian Cancer in Quebec (PROVAQ) study has been previously described. 30 Briefly, women aged 18-79 who were Canadian citizens able to communicate in French or English and who resided in the Greater Montreal area were eligible for inclusion in the study. Newly diagnosed cases of primary borderline or invasive epithelial cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube or peritoneum were identified from seven Montreal hospitals between 2010 and 2016.…”

Section: Study Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Menopausal status was defined based on the last menstrual period, previous surgery or medication use and age, as previously described. 30 The proportion of missing values was <3% across the covariates, thus, we conducted simple imputation whereby the median value among controls was imputed for continuous variables (duration of OC use, BMI, pack-years of smoking) and the modal value among controls was imputed for nominal variables (family history of ovarian and breast cancer, current family financial situation, ever use of HRT). The data that support the findings of our study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request and institutional approval.…”

Section: Analysis Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lifetime recreational moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and ovarian cancer risk: A case–control study

Grundy

Abrahamowicz

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Results of epidemiologic studies of physical activity and ovarian cancer risk are inconsistent. Few have attempted to measure physical activity over the lifetime or in specific age windows, which may better capture etiologically relevant exposures. We examined participation in moderate‐to‐vigorous recreational physical activity (MVPA) in relation to ovarian cancer risk. In a population‐based case–control study conducted in Montreal, Canada from 2011 to 2016 (485 cases and 887 controls), information was collected on lifetime participation in various recreational physical activities, which was used to estimate MVPA for each participant. MVPA was represented as average energy expenditure over the lifetime and in specific age‐periods in units of metabolic equivalents (METs)‐hours per week. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the relation between average MVPA and ovarian cancer risk were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models. Confounding was assessed using directed acyclic graphs combined with a change‐in‐estimate approach. The adjusted OR (95% CI) for each 28.5 MET‐hr/week increment of lifetime recreational MVPA was 1.11 (0.99–1.24) for ovarian cancer overall. ORs for individual age‐periods were weaker. When examined by menopausal status, the OR (95% CI) for lifetime MVPA was 1.21 (1.00–1.45) for those diagnosed before menopause and 1.04 (0.89–1.21) for those diagnosed postmenopausally. The suggestive positive associations were stronger for invasive ovarian cancers and more specifically for high‐grade serous carcinomas. These results do not support a reduced ovarian cancer risk associated with MVPA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Study Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lifetime recreational moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and ovarian cancer risk: A case–control study

Grundy

Abrahamowicz

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer

Singla

2019

Preventive Oncology for the Gynecologist

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A prospective cohort study of oral contraceptive use and ovarian cancer among women in the United States born from 1947 to 1964

Shafrir

Schöck

Poole

et al. 2017

Cancer Causes Control

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Purpose Oral contraceptives (OCs) have been consistently associated with a reduced ovarian cancer risk; however, most previous studies included women in older birth cohorts using high-dose OC formulations. We assessed OC use, including type and dose, and ovarian cancer risk among women born between 1947 and 1964 using more recent formulations. Methods We included 110,929 Nurses’ Health Study II participants. Women reported duration of OC use and brands used from age 13 to baseline (1989) and every two years thereafter through 2009. We categorized brands by estrogen and progestin type, dose, and potency, and used Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for age, calendar time, reproductive factors and body mass index, to assess associations with ovarian cancer. Results Over 2,178,679 person-years of follow-up, we confirmed 281 cases. At baseline, 83% of participants reported ever using OCs. Compared to never use, we observed an increased risk of ovarian cancer with ≤6 months of OC use (HR: 1.82; 95%CI: 1.13-2.93) but a non-significant 57% (95%CI: 0.18-1.03) decreased risk with ≥15 years of OC use. The increased risk among short-term users (≤1 year) was restricted to OCs containing mestranol (HR: 1.83; 95%CI: 1.16-2.88) and first generation progestin (HR: 1.72; 95%CI: 1.11-2.65). Conclusion The associations between OCs and ovarian cancer observed for this younger birth cohort differ substantially from the results of previous cohort studies, possibly reflecting changes in OC formulations and use patterns over time, although these results could be due to chance. Additional studies should evaluate newer OC formulations and ovarian cancer risk.

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Hormonal and reproductive factors and the risk of ovarian cancer

Abstract: These results suggest that associations with some hormone-related factors may differ between borderline and invasive Type I and II ovarian cancers.

Cited by 35 publications

References 32 publications

Lifetime recreational moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and ovarian cancer risk: A case–control study

Lifetime recreational moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and ovarian cancer risk: A case–control study

Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Ovarian Cancer

A prospective cohort study of oral contraceptive use and ovarian cancer among women in the United States born from 1947 to 1964

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