Hormonal and renal response to plasma volume expansion in the primate Macaca mulatta

Keyl, M. J.; Dickey, D. Thomas; Kem, David C.; Keil, L. C.; Stone, Heather

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1983.244.2.h201

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In the monkey, Gilmore et al (1980) found that ADH fails to change when blood volume is expanded 30% whereas Billman et al (1983) have recently reported that ADH and renin decrease with a 25% blood volume expansion. Experiments in humans using head-out water immersion, a hypervolemic stimulus in which blood is translocated to expand the cardiopulmonary blood volume and elicits a marked diuresis, have also been inconclusive in that both decreases (Epstein et al, 1980) and increases (Kravik et al, 1982) in ADH levels have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 3-4 periods of relatively constant urine flow, each animal was volumeexpanded 20% of estimated blood volume with 6% high molecular weight dextran in isotonic saline (6% Gentran 75, Travenol), the volume being infused by hand over a 5-to 6-minute period. Blood volume was estimated as 6% of body weight (Billman et al, 1983). The experiment was continued until urine flow declined to a value at least onehalf of its peak diuresis value, or no sooner than 120 minutes post expansion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Renal responses of the cardiac-denervated nonhuman primate to blood volume expansion.

Peterson¹,

Jones²

1983

Circulation Research

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SUMMARY. Experiments were performed to determine whether total, specific cardiac denervation affects the renal responses of the nonhuman primate to acute inrravascular volume expansion. Adult male Macaca fascicularis monkeys underwent chronic intrapericardial cardiac denervation or sham surgery. After a 14-to 30-day recovery period, each animal was anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and estimated blood volume was volume-expanded 20% with 6% dextran in isotonic saline. Control renal excretory function did not differ between the two groups, and both groups had similar increases in urine flow, sodium and potassium excretion, osmolar clearance, free water clearance, and renal plasma flow after volume expansion. The times to peak diuresis and natriuresis also were similar in both groups. These results demonstrate that the cardiac-denervated monkey shows unartenuated renal excretory responses to volume expansion. This could indicate that either cardiac receptors do not play a major role in eliciting these responses in the primate or that eliminating a role of cardiac afferents is compensated for by redundant afferents from arterial baroreceptors. (Circ Res 53: 24-32, 1983)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal responses of the cardiac-denervated nonhuman primate to blood volume expansion.

Peterson¹,

Jones²

1983

Circulation Research

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“…Stretch receptors having effects on renal function have been found in the renal (17) and hepatic vasculature (13,25) so these remain a viable possibility in our denervated animals unless their effects are dependent on intact vagal input to the central nervous system. With regard to possible humoral substances involved, Billman et al (1) have reported that ADH, renin and aldosterone levels decrease with volume expansion in the intact monkey but it is not known how important these humoral effects are in mediating the renal excretory responses or if these hormone levels could decrease in our denervated animals. Also, as discussed earlier, ADH levels do not need to decrease in order for CH2O to increase in the monkey (31).…”

Section: / L___~j'! ; Y--4___ ---L Tmentioning

confidence: 85%

Cardiopulmonary and sinoaortic baroreceptors and volume expansion in the monkey

et al. 1986

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Experiments were performed to determine the effect of combined cardiopulmonary and and sinoaortic baroreceptor denervation on the renal responses of the anesthetized nonhuman primate to acute intravascular volume expansion. Adult male Macaca fascicularis monkeys underwent chronic bilateral thoracic sympathectomy (middle cervical ganglion--T6) or sham surgery performed in two stages. After a 1-3 week recovery period, each animal was anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and subjected to cervical vagotomy--sinoaortic denervation or further sham denervation. Estimated blood volume was then acutely expanded 20% with 6% dextran in isotonic saline. Control renal excretory function did not differ between the two groups, and both groups had similar increases in urine flow, sodium excretion, osmolar clearance, free water clearance and renal plasma flow after volume expansion. The patterns of the responses showed some group differences in that the increases in renal excretion after volume-loading had an earlier onset in the denervated animals. These results demonstrate that combined ablation of thoracic sympathetic, vagal and sinoaortic neural pathways does not compromise the ability of the nonhuman primate to increase salt and water excretion when blood volume is acutely expanded. Therefore, these neural mechanisms are not necessary for eliciting the renal responses to this hypervolemic stimulus in this species during the anesthetized state.

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“…Extrarenal factors such as excess extracellular fluid volume have been known to modify fluid reabsorption independent of changes in GFR and thus increase tubule fluid flow rate (37). Plasma volume expansion by infusion of either physiologic saline solution (38,39) or a colloid solution (40) has been reported to result in an overall increase in salt and water excretion and a decrease in plasma antidiuretic hormone (ADH), renin, and aldosterone. Though the cause of the increases in urine output rate, FES, and CHIO in the present study cannot be determined from our data, it is most likely that the changes are ascribed to a plasma volume expansion that was caused by infusion of the PHP solution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Effects of Multiple Infusion of Pyridoxalated‐Hemoglobin‐Polyoxyethylene Conjugate (PHP) Solution in Dogs

Takahashi¹,

Iwasaki²,

Malchesky³

et al. 1993

Artificial Organs

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Pyridoxalated‐hemoglobin‐polyoxyethylene conjugate (PHP), which is made from out‐dated human red blood cells by two major chemical modifications, namely pyridoxalation and conjugation with polyoxyethylene (POE), is currently under development as a physiological oxygen carrier. This study assessed the effects of PHP‐88 solution, which contains 8% (wt/vol) each of hemoglobin (Hb) and maltose, on renal function when it was infused 3 times every other day into the intact circulation of 8 dogs (5 dogs for the PHP group and 3 for the control group; 20 ml/kg for the first infusion, and 10 ml/kg each for the second and third infusions, at the rate of 2.5 ml/h/kg). Serial determinations of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) were carried out pre‐ and postinfusion for up to 3 months along with measurements of blood and urine analyses, urine output rate, fractional excretion of sodium (FES), and free water clearance (CH2O). The results showed that plasma colloid osmotic pressure (COP) elevated an average of 3.3 mm Hg (p = 0.0085), and GFR and RPF tended to increase by 13% (NS) and 38% (NS), respectively, immediately after the third infusion with PHP solution. Urine output rate increased during and after the infusion, and FES and CH2O also increased for 24 h after the infusion in both groups. Blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and serum Na+ concentrations were not affected greatly by the infusions, but hematocrit was decreased by 8% in the PHP group, indicating approximately a 42% expansion of plasma volume. These changes were observed to return to their preinfusion levels by 1 week postinfusion. Renal histology of the PHP group obtained at 2 weeks postinfusion revealed vacuole formation in the proximal tubules which was not associated with any pathologic changes indicative of cell death or regeneration. In 4 out of 5 dogs at 3 months postinfusion (necropsy), the vacuoles were not present. Though urinary N‐acetyl β‐glucosaminidase (NAG) activity had significantly increased after infusion, it returned to the preinfusion level by 1 month postinfusion. No detrimental effect of vacuoles on the assessed renal tubular functions was confirmed in the present study. The result demonstrated that multiple infusions of PHP solutions were well tolerated in normal dogs, and the observed effects were conceived predominantly attributable to the physiological response of the kidneys to an oncotic load into the circulation, which produced plasma volume expansion.

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Hormonal and renal response to plasma volume expansion in the primate Macaca mulatta

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Renal responses of the cardiac-denervated nonhuman primate to blood volume expansion.

Renal responses of the cardiac-denervated nonhuman primate to blood volume expansion.

Cardiopulmonary and sinoaortic baroreceptors and volume expansion in the monkey

Renal Effects of Multiple Infusion of Pyridoxalated‐Hemoglobin‐Polyoxyethylene Conjugate (PHP) Solution in Dogs

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