Hormonal and neural responses to restraint stress in an animal model of perimenopause in female rats

Arikawe, AP; Rorato, Rodrigo; Gomes, Nathali; Elias, Lucila Leico Kagohara; Anselmo-Franci, Janete Aparecida

doi:10.1111/jne.12976

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 104 publications

(193 reference statements)

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“…Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a key component of stress responsivity, modulating related behaviors, including anxiety and reward. The primary stress response involves the activation of hypothalamic neurons producing CRF, an initial step in the cascade that leads to the synthesis and release of glucocorticoids [51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. Our data also showed the activation of CRF immunoreactive neurons in the PVN after repeated 21 days of restraint stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

The Effect of Earthing Mat on Stress-Induced Anxiety-like Behavior and Neuroendocrine Changes in the Rat

Park

Jeong

et al. 2022

Biomedicines

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Grounding is a therapeutic technique that involves doing activities that “ground” or electrically reconnect us to the earth. The physiological effects of grounding have been reported from a variety of perspectives such as sleep or pain. However, its anti-stress efficacy is relatively unknown. The present study investigated the stress-related behavioral effects of earthing mat and its neurohormonal mechanisms in the Sprague–Dawley male rat. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: the naïve normal (Normal), the 21 days immobilization stressed (Control), the 21 days stressed + earthing mat for 7 days (A7) or 21 days (A21) group. The depressive-and anxiety like behaviors were measured by forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and elevated plus maze (EPM). Using immunohistochemistry, the expression of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) and c-Fos immunoreactivity were analyzed in the brain. In the EPM, time spent in the open arm of the earthing mat groups was significantly increased compared to the Control group (p < 0.001), even though there were without effects among groups in the FST and TST. The expression of CRF immunoreactive neurons in the earthing mat group was markedly decreased compared to the Control group. Overall, the earthing mat reduced stress-induced behavioral changes and expression of c-Fos and CRF immunoreactivity in the brain. These results suggest that the earthing mat may have the potential to improve stress-related responses via the regulation of the corticotrophinergic system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

The Effect of Earthing Mat on Stress-Induced Anxiety-like Behavior and Neuroendocrine Changes in the Rat

Park

Jeong

et al. 2022

Biomedicines

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“…Locus Coeruleus: Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting step in catecholamine biosynthesis, is frequently used in the immunohistochemical identification of noradrenergic LC neurons [ 30 , 32 ] and is even considered a noradrenergic marker of the LC [ 31 ]. It was, therefore, used here to study the LC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain Modulation from the Locus Coeruleus in a Model of Hydrocephalus: Searching for Oxidative Stress-Induced Noradrenergic Neuroprotection

Louçano

Oliveira

Martins

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Pain transmission at the spinal cord is modulated by noradrenaline (NA)-mediated actions that arise from supraspinal areas. We studied the locus coeruleus (LC) to evaluate the expression of the cathecolamine-synthetizing enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and search for local oxidative stress and possible consequences in descending pain modulation in a model of hydrocephalus, a disease characterized by enlargement of the cerebral ventricular system usually due to the obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow. Four weeks after kaolin injection into the cisterna magna, immunodetection of the catecholamine-synthetizing enzymes TH and dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) was performed in the LC and spinal cord. Colocalization of the oxidative stress marker 8-OHdG (8-hydroxyguanosine; 8-OHdG), with TH in the LC was performed. Formalin was injected in the hindpaw both for behavioral nociceptive evaluation and the immunodetection of Fos expression in the spinal cord. Hydrocephalic rats presented with a higher expression of TH at the LC, of TH and DBH at the spinal dorsal horn along with decreased nociceptive behavioral responses in the second (inflammatory) phase of the formalin test, and formalin-evoked Fos expression at the spinal dorsal horn. The expression of 8-OHdG was increased in the LC neurons, with higher co-localization in TH-immunoreactive neurons. Collectively, the results indicate increased noradrenergic expression at the LC during hydrocephalus. The strong oxidative stress damage at the LC neurons may lead to local neuroprotective-mediated increases in NA levels. The increased expression of catecholamine-synthetizing enzymes along with the decreased nociception-induced neuronal activation of dorsal horn neurons and behavioral pain signs may indicate that hydrocephalus is associated with alterations in descending pain modulation.

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“…Interestingly, studies showed that females have higher levels of stress-induced corticosterone than males, both in basal conditions and in response to a variety of stress conditions (Albrechet-Souza et al, 2020; Babb et al, 2013; Kalil et al, 2014; Kant et al, 1983; Oyola and Handa, 2017). It is important to note that several factors can affect plasma corticosterone concentrations across the estrous cycle, including the transition period for ovarian hormonal secretion, regularity of the estrous cycle, and the phases of circadian rhythm (Arikawe et al, 2021; Atkinson and Waddell, 1997; Gong et al, 2015). In the present study, we did not investigate the plasma levels of corticosterone and ovarian hormones; therefore, future studies aimed at evaluating the influence of CBD treatment on behavioral and endocrine responses will provide additional evidence for sex-related differences in response to drug treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-dependent differences in the anxiolytic-like effect of cannabidiol in the elevated plus-maze

et al. 2022

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Rationale: Cannabidiol (CBD), the major non-psychoactive constituent of cannabis, has therapeutic potential for the treatment of anxiety. Most preclinical studies investigate only acute effects of CBD and only in males, yet the drug is most likely to be used over a sustained period in clinical practice. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate the anxiolytic-like effect of CBD in female rats compared to males and to determine whether the responsiveness of females was influenced by the stage of the estrous cycle. Methods: We carried out experiments to compare the effect of CBD in male and female rats in the elevated plus maze (EPM) in response to acute and short-term (4 days) administration through a complete cycle in females. Results: Male and female rats behaved in a similar manner in the EPM, but females in the late diestrus (LD) phase exhibited more anxiety-like behavior than at other stages, the difference reaching statistical significance compared to proestrus stages. CBD produced anxiolytic-like effects in both sexes, but female rats were responsive only in LD and 10-fold lower dose than males. After sub-chronic (4 days) treatment, responsiveness to CBD was maintained in females in LD, but females in proestrus remained unresponsive to CBD treatment. Conclusions: We suggest that there are sex differences in the anxiolytic-like effects of CBD in rats that reflect different underlying mechanisms: based on literature data, gonadal hormone status linked to GABAA receptor expression in females, and 5-HT1A receptor activation in males.

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Hormonal and neural responses to restraint stress in an animal model of perimenopause in female rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 104 publications

The Effect of Earthing Mat on Stress-Induced Anxiety-like Behavior and Neuroendocrine Changes in the Rat

The Effect of Earthing Mat on Stress-Induced Anxiety-like Behavior and Neuroendocrine Changes in the Rat

Pain Modulation from the Locus Coeruleus in a Model of Hydrocephalus: Searching for Oxidative Stress-Induced Noradrenergic Neuroprotection

Sex-dependent differences in the anxiolytic-like effect of cannabidiol in the elevated plus-maze

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