Hormonal and metabolic regulation of tomato fruit sink activity and yield under salinity

Albacete, Alfonso; Cantero-Navarro, Elena; Balibrea, María E.; Großkinsky, Dominik K.; González, María de la Cruz; Martínez‐Andújar, Cristina; Smigocki, Ann C.; Roitsch, Thomas; Pérez‐Alfocea, Francisco

doi:10.1093/jxb/eru347

Cited by 59 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…This has already been observed in cassava by Cruz, Mosquim, Pelacani, Araujo, and DaMatta (2003). Albacete et al (2014) also indicated that the reduction in sink activity might be an indirect effect of salinity on A. Thus, the lower photosynthesis in the leaves of cassava plants grown under salinity was due to stomatal and, most likely, to biochemical factors.…”

Section: Gas Exchangessupporting

confidence: 55%

Salinity reduces carbon assimilation and the harvest index of cassava plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Cruz¹,

Filho²,

Coelho³

et al. 2017

Acta Sci. Agron.

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ABSTRACT. This study was developed to evaluate the effects of salinity on the growth and gas exchange of cassava plants, cultivar Verdinha. The four concentrations of NaCl (mM) were as follows: 0, 20, 40, and 60. Under salinity, the lowest concentration of Na + ions was observed in the tuberous roots; however, the dry matter of tuberous roots was reduced with an application of just 20 mM NaCl. The harvest index was reduced 50% with the highest salt concentration. Salinity reduced carbon assimilation (A), stomatal conductance (g s ), transpiration, and the instantaneous water use efficiency. The correlation between g s and A was high and positive, showing that stomatal movement was one of the responsible for the lower A. Under salt stress, there was an increase in intercellular CO 2 concentration, indicating the impairment of carbon metabolism. Based on the reduction of dry matter of the tuberous roots (reduction of 81% under 60 mM NaCl), it was concluded that cassava is sensitive to salinity. The growth of shoots and the absorbing roots were minimally affected by salinity, even in the situation where A was reduced; therefore, the sensitivity of cassava was related to the high sensitivity of the tuberous roots to the ionic and/or osmotic effects of salinity. Thus, tuberous roots can be the target organ in studies that aim to improve the tolerance of cassava to salinity.Keywords: photosynthesis, dry matter, water use efficiency, harvest index, root:shoot ratio, salt stress.Salinidade reduz a fotossíntese e o índice de colheita da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) RESUMO. Esse estudo foi desenvolvido para avaliar os efeitos da salinidade sobre as trocas gasosas e crescimento da mandioca, cultivar Verdinha. Quatro concentrações de NaCl, em mM, foram utilizadas: 0, 20, 40 e 60. A menor concentração de Na + foi observada nas raízes tuberosas; entretanto, a matéria seca dessa parte da planta foi reduzida pela aplicação de apenas 20 mM de NaCl. O índice de colheita foi reduzido em até 50% pela salinidade. A aplicação de NaCl reduziu a assimilação de carbono (A), condutância estomática (g s ), transpiração (E) e eficiência no uso de água (EUA). A correlação entre g s e A foi alta e positiva, evidenciando que o movimento estomático foi um dos responsáveis pela menor A. Sob salinidade também existiu aumento na concentração interna de CO 2 , indicando que o NaCl pode ter inibido o metabolismo de carbono das plantas. Com base na redução do acúmulo de matéria seca das raízes tuberosas (redução de 81% sob 60 mM de NaCl) é concluído que essa cultivar de mandioca é bastante sensível à presença de NaCl na solução do solo. A sensibilidade da mandioca esteve relacionada à alta sensibilidade das raízes tuberosas aos efeitos iônicos e/ou osmótico do NaCl. Assim, as raízes tuberosas podem ser o órgão alvo em estudos que visem melhorar a tolerância da mandioca à salinidade.Palavras-chave: fotossíntese, matéria seca, uso eficiente de água, índice de colheita, relação raiz:parte aérea, estresse salino.

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Section: Gas Exchangessupporting

confidence: 55%

Salinity reduces carbon assimilation and the harvest index of cassava plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Cruz¹,

Filho²,

Coelho³

et al. 2017

Acta Sci. Agron.

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“…Similarly, in tomato, Albacete et al. () showed that fruit set and development was affected under salinity and in turn caused yield reduction. While the reason for the pod abortion under saline treatment is not clear, salinity could decrease sink activity and impaire sucrose metabolism by reducing the apoplastic and cytoplasmic sucrose‐cleaving enzyme activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Increased cytokinin concentration and/or metabolic activity have been linked to increase fruit sink strength, growth and yield in tomato under salinity (Albacete et al. ). In chickpea salinity could impair sucrose metabolism, increase abscisic acid production and/or decrease the production of cytokinins, and/or influence other metabolic factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt Stress Delayed Flowering and Reduced Reproductive Success of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), A Response Associated with Na⁺ Accumulation in Leaves

Pushpavalli

Quealy

Colmer

et al. 2015

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Salinity is known to reduce chickpea yields in several regions of the world. Although ion toxicity associated with salinity leads to yield reductions in a number of other crops, its role in reducing yields in chickpea growing in saline soils is unclear. The purpose of this study was to (i) identify the phenological and yield parameters associated with salt stress tolerance and sensitivity in chickpea and (ii) identify any pattern of tissue ion accumulation that could relate to salt tolerance of chickpea exposed to saline soil in an outdoor pot experiment. Fourteen genotypes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) were used to study yield parameters, of which eight were selected for ion analysis after being grown in soil treated with 0 and 80 mM NaCl. Salinity delayed flowering and the delay was greater in sensitive than tolerant genotypes under salt stress. Filled pod and seed numbers, but not seed size, were associated with seed yield in saline conditions, suggesting that salinity impaired reproductive success more in sensitive than tolerant lines. Of the various tissues measured for concentrations of Cl À , Na + and K + , higher seed yields in saline conditions were positively correlated with higher K + concentration in seeds at the mid-filling stage (R 2 = 0.55), a higher K + /Na + ratio in the laminae of fully expanded young leaves (R 2 = 0.50), a lower Na + concentration in old green leaves (R 2 = 0.50) and a higher Cl À concentration in mature seeds. The delay in flowering was associated with higher concentrations of Na + in the laminae of fully expanded young leaves (R 2 = 0.61) and old green leaves (R 2 = 0.51). We conclude that although none of the ions appeared to have any toxic effect, Na + accumulation in leaves was associated with delayed flowering that in turn could have played a role in the lower reproductive success in the sensitive lines.

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“…KUBO et al (2002) reported that IDH was a key enzyme that limited organic acid accumulation in citrus fruits, and its primary function in citrus fruits at the development stages was to cleave organic acids, similar to cytosolic ACO. As for the SS, a number of studies have demonstrated that its activity is positively correlated with the degree of sucrose accumulation, and that it is a biochemical determinant of sink strength in fruit (LI et al, 2012;ALBACETE et al, 2014;HOLLAND et al, 2005). Thus, the SS in turn plays a regulatory role in importing sucrose substrate into the fruit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Sugar-Acid Ratio and Relevant Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Navel Orange Fruits From Different Eco-Regions

et al. 2015

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-The flavor quality of citrus fruits is largely determined by the sugar-acid ratio, but it remains uncertain how sugar-and/or acid-metabolizing enzymes regulate the sugar-acid ratio of navel oranges and further affect the fruit quality. In the present study, Robertson navel oranges (Citrus sinesis osb.) were collected from six representative habitats in three eco-regions of Sichuan, China. The changes in the sugar-acid ratio and the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose synthase (SS), cytosolic cio-aconitase (ACO), and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) were examined in navel oranges during fruit development. The results indicated that the sugar-acid ratio of fruits in different eco-regions changed significantly from 150 days after full bloom. The SPS and cytosolic ACO fruit activities had minor changes among different ecoregions throughout the experimental periods, whereas the activities of SS and IDH changed significantly in fruits among three eco-regions. Furthermore, the sugar-acid ratio and the activities of SS in the synthetic direction and IDH were the highest in south subtropics and the lowest in north mid-subtropics, probably due to the effects of climate conditions and/or other relevant eco-factors. It demonstrated that SS in the synthetic direction and IDH were of greater importance in regulating the sugar-acid ratio of navel oranges in different eco-regions, which provided new insights into the factors that determine the flavor quality of navel oranges and valuable data for guiding relevant agricultural practices. Index terms: navel orange, sugar-acid ratio, sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase, cytosolic aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase. ESTUDO SOBRE A RELAÇÃO AÇÚCAR-ÁCIDO E ATIVIDADES RELEVANTES METABOLIZADORAS DE ENZIMA EM FRUTOS DE LARANJA DE UMBIGO DE DIFERENTES ECOREGIÕESRESUMO -A qualidade do sabor das frutas cítricas é amplamente determinada pela relação açúcar-ácido, mas permanece incerto como enzimas metabolizadoras de açúcar e / ou do ácido regulam a relação açúcar-ácido de laranjas de umbigo e depois afetarem a qualidade dos frutos. No presente estudo, laranjas de umbigo Robertson (Citrus sinensis Osb.) foram coletadas de seis habitats representativos em três ecorregiões do Sichuan, na China. As mudanças na relação açúcar-ácido e as atividades da síntese de sacarose fosfato (SPS), síntese de sacarose (SS), aconitase citossólica (ACO) e isocitrato desidrogenase (IDH) foram examinadas em laranjas de umbigo durante o desenvolvimento dos frutos. Os resultados indicaram que a relação açúcar-ácido de frutas em diferentes ecorregiões alterou significativamente a partir de 150 dias após a plena floração. O SPS e as atividades ACO citossólicas das frutas tiveram pequenas alterações entre diferentes ecorregiões ao longo dos períodos experimentais, enquanto que as atividades da SS e IDH alteraram significativamente em frutas entre três ecorregiões. Além disso, a relação açúcar-ácido e as atividades da SS na direção sintética e IDH foram as mais elevadas em regiões s...

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Hormonal and metabolic regulation of tomato fruit sink activity and yield under salinity

Abstract: SummaryCytokinins and cell wall invertase are positive players in regulating fruit sink strength, growth, and yield under salinity as components of the same signalling cascade establishing and developing sink organs.

Cited by 59 publications

References 74 publications

<b>Salinity reduces carbon assimilation and the harvest index of cassava plants (<i>Manihot esculenta</i> Crantz)

<b>Salinity reduces carbon assimilation and the harvest index of cassava plants (<i>Manihot esculenta</i> Crantz)

Salt Stress Delayed Flowering and Reduced Reproductive Success of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), A Response Associated with Na⁺ Accumulation in Leaves

Study on the Sugar-Acid Ratio and Relevant Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Navel Orange Fruits From Different Eco-Regions

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Hormonal and metabolic regulation of tomato fruit sink activity and yield under salinity

Abstract: SummaryCytokinins and cell wall invertase are positive players in regulating fruit sink strength, growth, and yield under salinity as components of the same signalling cascade establishing and developing sink organs.

Cited by 59 publications

References 74 publications

<b>Salinity reduces carbon assimilation and the harvest index of cassava plants (<i>Manihot esculenta</i> Crantz)

<b>Salinity reduces carbon assimilation and the harvest index of cassava plants (<i>Manihot esculenta</i> Crantz)

Salt Stress Delayed Flowering and Reduced Reproductive Success of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), A Response Associated with Na+ Accumulation in Leaves

Study on the Sugar-Acid Ratio and Relevant Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Navel Orange Fruits From Different Eco-Regions

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Product

Resources

About

Salt Stress Delayed Flowering and Reduced Reproductive Success of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), A Response Associated with Na⁺ Accumulation in Leaves