Sulfonamides (SAs) are widespread
in soils, and their dissipation
behavior is important for their fate, risk assessment, and pollution
control. In this work, we investigated the dissipation behavior of
different SAs in a soil under aerobic condition, focusing on revealing
the relationship between overall dissipation (without sterilization
and in dark) and individual abiotic (sorption, hydrolysis)/biotic
(with sterilization and in dark) factors and taxonomy/function of
microbiomes. The results showed that dissipation of all SAs in the
soil followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model with dissipation
time at 50% removal (DT50) of 2.16–15.27 days. Based
on, experimentally, abiotic/biotic processes and, theoretically,
partial least-squares modeling, a relationship between overall dissipation
and individual abiotic/biotic factors was developed with microbial
degradation as the dominant contributor. Metagenomic analysis showed
that taxonomic genera like Bradyrhizobium/Sphingomonas/Methyloferula and functions
like CAZy family GT51/GH23/GT2, eggNOG category S, KEGG pathway ko02024/ko02010,
and KEGG ortholog K01999/K03088 are putatively involved in SA microbial
degradation in soil. Spearman correlation suggests abundant genera
being multifunctional. This study provides some new insights into
SA dissipation and can be applied to other antibiotics/soils in the
future.