Horizontally transmitted parasitoid killing factor shapes insect defense to parasitoids

Gasmi, Laila; Sieminska, E.A.; Okuno, Shohei; Ohta, Rie; Coutu, Cathy; Vatanparast, Mohammad; Harris, Stephanie; Baldwin, Doug; Hegedus, Dwayne D.; Theilmann, David A.; Kida, Aki; Kawabata, M.; Sagawa, Shiori; Takatsuka, Jun; Tateishi, Ken; Watanabe, Kiichi; Inoue, Maki; Kunimi, Yasuhisa; Kim, Yonggyun; Erlandson, Martin A.; Herrero, Salvador; Nakai, M.

doi:10.1126/science.abb6396

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Expression of TnAV parasitoid killing factors ORF021 and ORF074 at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h p.i. TnAV-6a1 ORF023 amino acid sequence was found to possess 25.93 % sequence identity to TnAV-2c PKF gene (ORF074) identified in [25], and therefore was included in this figure. The PKF expression patterns are shown for somatic tissues (a) and haemolymph (b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SfAV-1a also encodes a PKF gene (ORF032), which is the most highly expressed gene of this ascovirus [10], demonstrating the importance of this protein for eliminating parasitoid larvae that would compete with the virus for host resources. In an interesting 1985 study [40], strong evidence was provided that SfAV was capable of killing larvae of the parasitoid, Cotesia marginiventris , when both occurred together in larvae of S. frugiperda [25], showed that related killing factors were encoded in the genomes of several Spodoptera species, suggesting that these PKFs were acquired by horizontal gene transfer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3). TnAV2c encodes 2 PKF genes (ORF021, ORF074 [25]). Furthermore, in our TnAV variant we detected a possible third PKF gene (ORF023) that has 25.93 and 25.88% identity to the protein level with TnAV-2c (ORF074) and Spodoptera exigua PKF1 (Fig.…”

Section: Highly Expressed Genes In Somatic Tissues Compared To Haemol...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the DNase-treatment of total RNA, the mRNA was isolated from each sample using the NEB NextPoly(A) mRNA magnetic isolation module kit (New England Biolabs). The poly(A) RNA was then eluted from the oligo d(T) 25 attached to paramagnetic beads in 15 µl of the first cDNA strand synthesis reaction buffer combined with random primer mix (2×), followed by heating for 10 min at 94 °C. The cDNA libraries were prepared following the instructions of the manufacturer of NEBNext Ultra Directional RNA Library Prep Kit (New England Biolabs) for Illumina.…”

Section: Mrna Isolation Cdna Library Preparation and Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early in vivo transcriptome of Trichoplusia ni ascovirus core genes

Zaghloul

Hice²,

Arensburger

et al. 2022

Journal of General Virology

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Ascoviruses are large double-stranded DNA insect viruses that destroy the nucleus and transform each cell into 20 or more viral vesicles for replication. In the present study we used RNA-sequencing to compare the expression of Trichoplusia ni ascovirus 6a1 (TnAV-6a1) core genes during the first week of infection, with emphasis on the first 48 h, comparing transcript levels in major somatic tissues (epidermis, tracheal matrix and fat body), the sites infected initially, with those of the haemolymph, where viral vesicles circulate and most replication occurs. By 48 h post-infection (p.i.), only 26 genes were expressed in somatic tissues at ≥5 log2 reads per kilobase per million, whereas in the haemolymph 48 genes were expressed at a similar level by the same time. Early and high expression of TnAV caspase-2-like gene occurred in all tissues, implying it is required for replication, but that it is probably not associated with apoptosis induction, which occurs in infections of Spodoptera frugiperda ascovirus 1 a (SfAV-1a), the ascovirus type species. Other highly expressed viral genes at 48 h p.i. in viral vesicles included a dynein-like beta chain and lipid-modifying enzymes, suggesting their importance to vesicle formation and growth as well as virion synthesis. Finally, as occurs in SfAV expression, we found bicistronic and tricistronic mRNA messages produced by TnAV.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Highly Expressed Genes In Somatic Tissues Compared To Haemol...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mrna Isolation Cdna Library Preparation and Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Early in vivo transcriptome of Trichoplusia ni ascovirus core genes

Zaghloul

Hice²,

Arensburger

et al. 2022

Journal of General Virology

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“…RNAi is a non-invasive way of delivering dsRNA into insects to knockdown specific gene expression 54 – 57 . We have shown that injecting RNAi is feasible and can suppress the transcription level of target genes in FAW larvae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold tolerance strategies of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Vatanparast

Park

2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is native to the tropical and subtropical areas of the American continent and is one of the world's most destructive insect pests and invaded Africa and spread to most of Asia in two years. Glycerol is generally used as a cryoprotectant for overwintering insects in cold areas. In many studies, the increase in glycerol as a main rapid cold hardening (RCH) factor and enhancing the supercooling point was revealed at low temperatures. There are two genes, including glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) and glycerol kinase (GK), that were identified as being associated with the glycerol synthesis pathway. In this study, one GPDH and two GK sequences (GK1 and GK2) were extracted from FAW transcriptome analysis. RNA interference (RNAi) specific to GPDH or GK1 and GK2 exhibited a significant down-regulation at the mRNA level as well as a reduction in survival rate when the RNAi-treated of FAW larvae post a RCH treatment. Following a cold period, an increase in glycerol accumulation was detected utilizing high-pressure liquid chromatography and colorimetric analysis of glycerol quantity in RCH treated hemolymph of FAW larvae. This research suggests that GPDH and GK isozymes are linked to the production of a high quantity of glycerol as an RCH factor, and glycerol as main cryoprotectant plays an important role in survival throughout the cold period in this quarantine pest studied.

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Improved effects of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus integrated with Campoletis chlorideae against H. armigera and impact of the virus on the parasitoid

Dou,

Bai,

Gao

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDCombined use can be an effective measure to improve pest control by viruses and parasitic wasps. However, not all combinations of natural enemies show improved effects. Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) and Campoletis chlorideae Uchida are two important natural enemies of Helicoverpa armigera. This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of C. chlorideae and HearNPV against H. armigera larvae and the impact of HearNPV on C. chlorideae.RESULTSThe combination of HearNPV and C. chlorideae exerted increased mortality on H. armigera when C. chlorideae parasitized larvae one day after infection with HearNPV. C. chlorideae could distinguish between HearNPV‐infected and noninfected larvae. Besides influencing host selection of C. chlorideae, HearNPV infection had negative effects on the development and reproduction of C. chlorideae. The developmental time of C. chlorideae was significantly prolonged and the percentage of emergence and adult eclosion of C. chlorideae was lower in infected hosts. The adult wasps were also smaller in body size, and female adults had fewer eggs when they developed in virus‐infected hosts.CONCLUSIONSHearNPV combined with C. chlorideae could improve the efficacy of biological control against H. armigera. The results provided valuable information on the importance of timing in the combined use of HearNPV and C. chlorideae for the biological control of H. armigera.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Horizontally transmitted parasitoid killing factor shapes insect defense to parasitoids

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Early in vivo transcriptome of Trichoplusia ni ascovirus core genes

Early in vivo transcriptome of Trichoplusia ni ascovirus core genes

Cold tolerance strategies of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Improved effects of Helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus integrated with Campoletis chlorideae against H. armigera and impact of the virus on the parasitoid

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