Horizontally orthogonal distributed acoustic sensing array for earthquake- and ambient-noise-based multichannel analysis of surface waves

Luo, Bin; Trainor‐Guitton, Whitney; Bozdag, E.; LaFlame, Lisa; Cole, Steve; Karrenbach, Martin

doi:10.1093/gji/ggaa293

Cited by 35 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The simple triangular array has stronger sidelobes than the spiral in figure 6 . Luo et al [ 44 ] have demonstrated that Rayleigh and Love wave separation can be achieved by using orthogonal arms of DAS cable with addition and subtraction of the contributions from the arms. Their idea can be generalized to other array configurations.…”

Section: Distributed Acoustic Sensing Array Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

The seismic wavefield as seen by distributed acoustic sensing arrays: local, regional and teleseismic sources

Kennett

2022

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) exploiting fibre optic cables provides high-density sampling of the seismic wavefield. Scattered returns from multiple laser pulses provide local averages of strain rate over a finite gauge length. The nature of the signal depends on the orientation of the cable with respect to the passing seismic waves. For local events, the dominant part of the strain rate can be extracted from the difference of ground velocity resolved along the fibre at the ends of the gauge interval. For more distant events the response at seismic frequencies can be represented as the acceleration along the fibre modulated by the wave slowness resolved in the same direction, which means there is a strong dependence on cable orientation. Slowness–frequency representations of the wavefield provide insight, via modelling, into the character of the DAS wavefield in a range of situations from a local jump source, through a regional earthquake to teleseismic recording. The slowness-domain representation of the DAS signal allows analysis of the array response of cable configurations indicating a bias due to the slowness weighting associated with the effect of gauge length. Unlike seismometer arrays the response is not described by a single generic stacking function.

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Section: Distributed Acoustic Sensing Array Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

The seismic wavefield as seen by distributed acoustic sensing arrays: local, regional and teleseismic sources

Kennett

2022

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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show abstract

“…The simple triangular array has stronger sidelobes than the spiral in Figure 6. Luo et al (2020) have demonstrated that Rayleigh and Love wave separation can be achieved by using orthogonal arms of DAS cable with addition and subtraction of the contributions from the arms. Their idea can be generalized to other array configurations.…”

Section: Das Array Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

The seismic wavefield as seen by Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) arrays: local, regional and teleseismic sources

Kennett

2022

Preprint

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Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) exploiting fibre optic cables provides a means for high-density sampling of the seismic wavefield. The scattered returns from multiple laser pulses provide local averages of strain rate over a finite gauge length, and the nature of the signal depends on the orientation of the cable with respect to the passing seismic waves. The properties of the wavefield in the slowness-frequency domain help to provide understanding of the nature of DAS recordings. For local events the dominant part of the strain rate can be extracted from the difference of ground velocity resolved along the fibre at the ends of the gauge interval, with an additional contribution just near the source. For more distant events the response at seismic frequencies can be represented as the acceleration along the fibre modulated by the horizontal slowness resolved in the same direction, which means there is a strong dependence on cable orientation. These representations of the wavefield provide insight into the character of the DAS wavefield in a range of situations from a local jump source, through a regional earthquake to teleseismic recording with different cable configurations and geographic locations. The slowness domain representation of the DAS signal allows analysis of the array response of cable configurations indicating the important role of the slowness weighting associated with the effect of gauge length. Unlike seismometer arrays the response is not described by a single generic stacking function. For high frequency waves, direct stacking enhances P, SV waves and Rayleigh waves; an azimuthal weighted stack provides retrieval of SH and Love waves at the cost of enhanced sidelobes in the array response.

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“…DAS is a newly developed optical fiber sensing technology that uses the coherent Rayleigh backscattering of a low-noise laser in a common single-mode sensing fiber to continuously detect the vibration variation of an external physical field over a long distance [12,13]. To date, the application in downhole, marine, and surface seismic data acquisition has shown that this technology is a compelling alternative to modern pointsensor acquisitions with low operating costs, a broad frequency response, small spatial sampling intervals and a high number of intrinsically synchronized channels [14][15][16], and it has obtained good results in the seismology community such as in earthquake detection [17][18][19][20], hydrocarbon and geothermal exploration [21][22][23], urban monitoring [24][25][26], volcano and glacier monitoring [27][28][29], subsurface imaging [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] and other seismic activities [38,39]. However, the applicability of this technique in the explorations of active faults remain unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Microtremor Survey Method for Near-Surface Active Faults Exploration: A Case Study in Datong Basin, China

Song¹,

Ren²,

Liu³

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Active fault detection has an important significance for seismic disaster prevention and mitigation in urban areas. The high-density station arrays have the potential to provide a microtremor survey solution for shallow seismic investigations. However, the resolution limitation of the nodal seismometer and small-scale lateral velocity being inhomogeneous hinder their application in near-surface active fault exploration. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has been developed rapidly in the past few years; it takes an optical fiber as the sensing medium and signal transmission medium, which can continuously detect vibration over long distances with high spatial resolution and low cost. This paper tried to address the issue of near-surface active fault exploration by using DAS. We selected a normal fault in the southern Datong basin, a graben basin in the Shanxi rift system in north China, to carry out the research. Microtremor surveys across the possible range of the active fault were conducted using DAS and nodal seismometers, so as to obtain a shallow shear wave velocity model. Meanwhile, we applied a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer (BOTDR) and distributed temperature sensing (DTS) to monitor the real-time fluctuation of ground temperature and strain. Our results show that the resolution of the deep structures of the fault via the microtremor survey based on DAS is lower than that via the seismic reflection; whereas, their fault location is consistent, and the near-surface structure of the fault can be traced in the DAS results. In addition, both the BOTDR and DTS results indicate an apparent consistent change in ground temperature and strain across the fault determined by the DAS result, and the combination of surface monitoring and underground exploration will help to accurately avoid active faults and seismic potential assessment in urban areas.

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Horizontally orthogonal distributed acoustic sensing array for earthquake- and ambient-noise-based multichannel analysis of surface waves

Cited by 35 publications

References 43 publications

The seismic wavefield as seen by distributed acoustic sensing arrays: local, regional and teleseismic sources

The seismic wavefield as seen by distributed acoustic sensing arrays: local, regional and teleseismic sources

The seismic wavefield as seen by Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) arrays: local, regional and teleseismic sources

Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Microtremor Survey Method for Near-Surface Active Faults Exploration: A Case Study in Datong Basin, China

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