Horizontal Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus

Davis, L. Gray; Weber, Darin J.; Lemon, StanleyM.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)92876-6

Cited by 167 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This result is similar to other studies’ reported that positive HBsAg status was less likely to occur among people with high socioeconomic status compared to those with low or middle socioeconomic status [32,33]. Poor and crowded living conditions, which are common in rural areas, can facilitate horizontal transmission between siblings, especially with a high rate of HBsAg carriers, as described elsewhere [31]. The finding of our study indicated that HBsAg positivity rate among rural women of childbearing age in Hainan province was geographically influenced.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…An experiment done by Bancroft WH et al [30], demonstrated that human saliva can serve as a vehicle for the transmission of hepatitis B virus. Another study has also shown that HBV may occur in households with a persistent carrier probably via saliva or open wounds, although it is less efficient than sexual or perinatal transmission [31]. Secondly, there may be HBV susceptibility genes among Li people; for ethnicity might play a role in the different prevalence rates of the HBsAg [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among 12 393 rural women of childbearing age in Hainan Province, China: a cross-sectional study

Zhang

Fang

Lichun

et al. 2013

Virol J

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BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly endemic in China and it threats human health seriously. The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence among women of childbearing age plays an important role in mother to child transmission of HBV, as 30% ~50% of chronic carriers can be attributed to maternal-infantile transmission. However, there are few studies which have reported on the prevalence of HBsAg among women of childbearing age in China. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBsAg and its associated risk factors among rural women of childbearing age in Hainan, which is the highest hepatitis B virus endemic province in China.MethodsA cross-sectional, population-based study, which included 12393 rural women aged 15 ~ 49 years, enrolled by a multistage stratified cluster sampling, was carried out in Hainan province, China, from November 2007 to December 2008. Blood samples were obtained from each study participant, and screened for HBsAg.ResultsThe overall HBsAg prevalence of childbearing age women was 9.51%. Risk factors for HBsAg positivity among rural women were: lower education level (OR=1.206), lower family monthly income (OR=1.233), having an HBsAg-positive family member (OR=1.300), without an immunization history (OR=1.243), tattooing (OR=1.190), body piercing (OR=1.293), vaginoscopy history (OR=1.103) and history of induced abortion (OR=1.142).ConclusionsThere is a high HBsAg seroprevalence rate among rural women of childbearing age in Hainan province. Hence, it is necessary to take preventive measures to reduce the seroprevalence of HBsAg and to control its associated risk factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among 12 393 rural women of childbearing age in Hainan Province, China: a cross-sectional study

Zhang

Fang

Lichun

et al. 2013

Virol J

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“…Transmission of HDV was unrelated to recognized apparent parenteral or sexual exposure; only one of the HDV cirrhotics admitted drug abuse and a sexual risk from promiscuous and mercenary sex was not reported by the patients. In Uzbekistan transmission of HBV is predominantly horizontal and occurs mainly in childhood, as is common in areas where the HBV remains highly endemic …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The medical impact of hepatitis D virus infection in Uzbekistan

Khodjaeva¹,

Ibadullaeva²,

Khikmatullaeva³

et al. 2019

Liver International

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Background & Aims The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic in Uzbekistan but the medical impact of infection with the HBV‐dependent hepatitis D virus (HDV) is unknown in the Country. An Hepatology Center was recently established at the Institute of Virology in Tashkent, which has set up a database enlisting patients with chronic viral liver disorders from all over Uzbekistan; it provides an observatory on the current scenario of viral hepatitis in the Country. Methods The prevalence of HBV monoinfection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and HDV superinfection on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐positive cirrhosis was determined in 6589 patients with viral cirrhosis collected in the last 3 years. Results Of 1089, 1150 and 1455 carriers of the HBsAg with cirrhosis recruited in 2016, 2017 and 2018, 834 (76.5%), 926 (80.5%) and 1224 (84%) respectively, had antibody to the HDV. In 2016, 2017 and 2018, the prevalence of HDV infection has been 41%, 45% and 49.1% respectively, largely exceeding the prevalence of HBV monoinfection (12.5%, 11% and 9.3% respectively) and surpassing the prevalence of HCV in 2017 and 2018 (44% and 41.5% respectively). The median age of the patients with HDV cirrhosis was 39 years, distinctly lower than that of HBV and HCV patients (46 and 55). Conclusions Superinfection with the HDV is present in over 80% of the HBsAg‐positive cirrhosis in Uzbekistan. The HDV appears to be the major cause of advanced viral liver disease and of juvenile cirrhosis in the Country.

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“…Hepatitis B is caused by one of the smallest enveloped DNA viruses known as HBV under the family of hepadnaviridae. HBV can transmit vertically (mother to baby) and by horizontally such as sexual contact, sharing needles, syringes, razors, and blood transfusion, etc., [1, 2]. HBV causes both acute and chronic infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meta-analysis on genetic variability of RT/HBsAg overlapping region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolates of Bangladesh

Hossain

Ueda

2019

Infect Agents Cancer

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Background and aimHepatitis B caused by HBV is a serious public health hazard prevalent worldwide including Bangladesh. Few scattered molecular studies of HBV have been reported in Bangladesh. This study aimed to analyze the genetic variability of RT/HBsAg overlapping region of HBV isolates of Bangladesh and determination of correlation among the genotype/serotype and HBsAg escape and/or drug-resistant mutations.MethodsA total of 97 complete HBsAg sequences of Bangladeshi HBV isolates from 2005 to 2017 from NCBI GenBank were extracted and analyzed using several HBV bioinformatics tools such as Geno2pheno-HBV, HBV Serotyper, HIV-Grade:HBV-Tool, and CLC sequence viewer.ResultsThe prevalence of genotypes A, C, and D are 18, 46 and 35% which correspond to serotype adw, adr, and ayw, respectively. The prevalence of HBsAg escape mutations is 51% and most of which (62%) are found in the genotype D followed by 32% in genotype C and 6% in genotype A. Interestingly most (24/36) of the sequences of HBsAg escape mutations contained 128 V mutant which all belongs to only serotype ayw3 (Genotype D). Prevalence of drug-resistant mutations is ~ 11%, most of which are from genotype C (63.64%) and D (36.36%). Lamivudine resistant mutations were found in ~ 11% of sequences followed by Telbivudine 10% and Adefovir 3% where Tenofovir showed susceptibility to all 97 sequences. Moreover, 7 among of 97 sequences showed both HBsAg and drugs resistant mutations and none of them are found due to the same nucleotide substitutions.ConclusionThere is a strong correlation among the genotype/serotype and HBsAg escape and/or drug-resistant mutations. This meta-analytical review will be helpful for genotype-serotype prediction by PCR-based diagnosis and development of vaccine and/or diagnostic kits, and the treatment against HBV infection in the future.

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Horizontal Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus

Cited by 167 publications

References 43 publications

Hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among 12 393 rural women of childbearing age in Hainan Province, China: a cross-sectional study

Hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence among 12 393 rural women of childbearing age in Hainan Province, China: a cross-sectional study

The medical impact of hepatitis D virus infection in Uzbekistan

A meta-analysis on genetic variability of RT/HBsAg overlapping region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolates of Bangladesh

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