Horizontal Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance by Extended-Spectrum β Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae

Vaidya, Varsha K.

doi:10.4103/0974-2727.78563

Cited by 58 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The conjugation frequency of the MDR E. coli strains ranges from 0.3 × 10 -7 to 1.5 × 10 -7 . Similar to this, the conjugation frequency of 10 -7 was also found with transfer of five antibiotic resistance patterns in E. coli AB 1157 recipient strain [8]. Similar to donors, the MIC of the tested antibiotics towards the transconjugants was also high, except fluoroquinolones.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

High prevalence of multidrug resistance in bacterial uropathogens from Kathmandu, Nepal

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundUrinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases and people of all age-groups and geographical locations are affected. The impact of disease is even worst in low-resource developing countries due to unaware of the UTIs caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and the possibility of transfer of MDR traits between them. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of MDR bacterial isolates from UTI patients, the antibiotic resistance pattern and the conjugational transfer of multidrug resistance phenotypes in Escherichia coli (E. coli).ResultsTwo hundred and nineteen bacterial isolates were recovered from 710 urine samples at Kathmandu Model hospital during the study period. All samples and isolates were investigated by standard laboratory procedures. Among the significant bacterial growth (30.8%, 219 isolates), 41.1% isolates were MDR. The most prevailing organism, E. coli (81.3%, 178 isolates) was 38.2% MDR, whereas second most common organism, Citrobacter spp. (5%, 11 isolates) was found 72.7% MDR. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production was detected in 55.2% of a subset of MDR E. coli isolates. Among the 29 MDR E. coli isolates, plasmids of size ranging 2-51 kb were obtained with different 15 profiles. The most common plasmid of size 32 kb was detected in all of the plasmid-harbored E. coli strains. The majority of E. coli isolates investigated for the multidrug resistance transfer were able to transfer plasmid-mediated MDR phenotypes along with ESBL pattern with a frequency ranging from 0.3 × 10-7 to 1.5 × 10-7 to an E. coli HB101 recipient strain by conjugation. Most of the donor and recipient strain showed high levels of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for commonly-used antibiotics.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of multidrug resistance in bacterial uropathogens was observed. Particularly, resistance patterns were alarmingly higher for amoxycillin, co-trimoxazole, flouroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins, which necessitate the re-evaluation of first and second line therapies for UTI. In addition, conjugational co-transfer of MDR phenotypes with ESBL-positive phenotypes was observed in MDR E. coli.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

High prevalence of multidrug resistance in bacterial uropathogens from Kathmandu, Nepal

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Conjugative transfer of ESBL genes among selected E. coli strains was studied using the mixed broth method [22]. E. coli DSM 9036 was used as a recipient strain.…”

Section: Conjugation Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Aquatic Ecosystem, a Good Environment for the Horizontal Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence-Associated Factors Among Extended Spectrum β-lactamases Producing E. coli

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the main public health problems nowadays is the increase of antimicrobial resistance, both in the hospital environment and outside it (animal environment, food and aquatic ecosystems, among others). It is necessary to investigate the virulence-associated factors and the ability of horizontal gene transfer among bacteria for a better understanding of the pathogenicity and the mechanisms of dissemination of resistant bacteria. Therefore, the objective of this work was to detect several virulence factors genes (fimA, papC, papG III, cnf1, hlyA and aer) and to determine the conjugative capacity in a wide collection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing E. coli isolated from different sources (human, food, farms, rivers, and wastewater treatment plants). Regarding virulence genes, fimA, papC, and aer were distributed throughout all the studied environments, papG III was mostly related to clinical strains and wastewater is a route of dissemination for cnf1 and hlyA. Strains isolated from aquatic environments showed an average conjugation frequencies of 1.15 × 10 −1 ± 5 × 10 −1 , being significantly higher than those observed in strains isolated from farms and food (p < 0.05), with frequencies of 1.53 × 10 −4 ± 2.85 × 10 −4 and 9.61 × 10 −4 ± 1.96 × 10 −3 , respectively. The reported data suggest the importance that the aquatic environment (especially WWTPs) acquires for the exchange of genes and the dispersion of resistance. Therefore, specific surveillance programs of AMR indicators in wastewaters from animal or human origin are needed, in order to apply sanitation measures to reduce the burden of resistant bacteria arriving to risky environments as WWTPs.

show abstract

“…E. coli has been reported to be MDR by possessing the antibiotic resistant genes in its transferable R-plasmid 10 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology of urinary tract infection and drug resistance cases of uropathogenes

Bhatt

Shrestha

Khadka

et al. 2013

J. Kathmandu Med. Coll.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Multidrug resistant bacterial isolates have been frequently reported from different parts of the world as emerging treatment problem. Objectives: The study was conducted to fi nd out etiology of urinary tract infection and drug resistance trend among clinical pathogens in urinary tract. Methods: Mid-stream urine samples from patients suspected of urinary tract infection were collected for routine culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing and were processed according to the standard laboratory methods. Results: In this study 41.7% urine samples showed signifi cant bacterial growth. Gram negative bacteria were the predominant organisms. Among them Escherichia coli was the predominant isolate (85.1%) whereas Enterococcus faecalis (40.6%), was the major Gram positive isolate. Among culture positive cases organisms were isolated in highest frequency (29.5%) in the age group 21 to 30 years. Urinary tract infections were found more common in females (61.1%) than in males (38.9%). Nitrofurantoin (82.2%) and Ofl oxacin (57.8%) were found to be the most effective drugs against Gram negative organisms, whereas for Gram positive organisms, Nitrofurantoin (87.5%) and Gentamycin (78.1%) were found to be the most effective drugs. Escherichia coli was found sensitive to Nitrofurantoin (89.3%) followed by Ofl oxacin (63.3%). Enterococcus faecalis was most susceptible to Nitrofurantion (92.3%) followed by Cotrimoxazole (76.9%). Conclusion: In this study, among the participants 41.7% had culture positive urinary tract infection. Drug resistance was found to be high in both Gram negative and Gram positive organisms. The high prevalence of drug resistance among urinary tract infection patients calls for the need of judicious measures for control of this infection and knowledge of patterns of resistance helps in deciding empirical therapy for urinary tract infection.

show abstract

Horizontal Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance by Extended-Spectrum β Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae

Cited by 58 publications

References 13 publications

High prevalence of multidrug resistance in bacterial uropathogens from Kathmandu, Nepal

High prevalence of multidrug resistance in bacterial uropathogens from Kathmandu, Nepal

The Aquatic Ecosystem, a Good Environment for the Horizontal Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence-Associated Factors Among Extended Spectrum β-lactamases Producing E. coli

Etiology of urinary tract infection and drug resistance cases of uropathogenes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About