Horizons for Li‐Ion Batteries Relevant to Electro‐Mobility: High‐Specific‐Energy Cathodes and Chemically Active Separators

Susai, Francis Amalraj; Sclar, Hadar; Shilina, Yuliya; Penki, Tirupathi Rao; Raman, Ravikumar; Satyanarayana, M.; Maiti, Sandipan; Halalay, Ion C.; Luski, Shalom; Markovsky, Boris; Aurbach, Doron

doi:10.1002/adma.201801348

Cited by 110 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…To be used as high-energy materials for cathodes, the materials need to be first charged to a high voltage (4.7 V) during which lithium ions and oxygen are irreversibly released, leading to the conversion of Li 2 MnO 3 to electrochemically-active Li x MnO y [31]. As a result the activated lithium-rich layer oxides achieved a specific capacity of 250 mAh g −1 , while the value for the pristine material was only 170 mAh g −1 [32].…”

Section: Battery-type Charge Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An alternative means of advanced energy storage by electrochemical modification

et al. 2020

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cn and fli@imr.ac.cnElectrochemical energy storage technologies represented by lithium-ion batteries and electrochemical capacitors have played key roles in the modern smart-grid. However, the rapid development of the terminal markets, including electric vehicles and portable intelligent electronic devices, requires significant breakthroughs in respect to energy density, power density, cost, life cycle and safety, etc This means an urgent need to go beyond the current energy-storage technologies of lithium-insertion and electrical double-layer chemistry. Because of the high energies involved, the alloy-type and conversion-type chemistries have caused widespread concern in recent years [1][2][3][4][5]. However, they often suffer more significant problems, including poor kinetics, large volume changes and the presence of soluble intermediates. To solve these issues, the major focus has been on material engineering by nanotechnology. Through morphology control and nanostructuring, many novel active materials have showed promising electrochemical performance in a laboratory cell [6][7][8][9][10]. However, nanotechnology that is cost-effective and can be used on an industrial scale is still lacking. On the other hand, in many studies, lithium metal was directly used as a counter electrode, which may form lithium dendries and cause significant safety issues, such as short-circuit, burning and explosion.In this perspective, we will show that electrochemical modification can be a more efficient and beneficial way of developing high-performance energy-storage devices than material engineering. A schematic of electrochemical modification is shown in figure 1. The modified materials are then used as the cathode and anode in an electrochemical system where they are matched with a specific electrolyte and an auxiliary electrode. During modification, two individual circuits of anode//auxiliary electrode (V 1 ) and cathode//auxiliary electrode (V 2 ) are connected. Rational electrochemical-reaction techniques, i.e. galvanostatic discharge/charge, constant voltage discharge/charge, pulse charge, short circuit, etc, are conducted to produce changes in the electrode properties, such as surface chemistry, charge density and crystal structure. The auxiliary electrode plays the same role as a counter electrode, which should have a larger area than the modified electrode. As a result, the polarization of auxiliary electrode can be ingnored during modification, and thus the modification can be conducted effectively. Moreover, the reaction products of auxiliary electrode should not affect the reaction of modified electrode. Common auxiliary electrodes includes the copper, platinum, lithium and so on. After modification, an advanced energy-storage device that combines the optimized cathode and anode (V 3 ) is obtained which gives an excellent electrochemical performance. Electrochemical modification has the following advantages. First, it can be performed after electrode preparation or even device assembly, which is compatible with the c...

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Section: Battery-type Charge Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An alternative means of advanced energy storage by electrochemical modification

et al. 2020

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“…While the most popular cell chemistries utilize NMC/NCA cathodes, the biggest critical risk, besides lithium itself, is associated with the cobalt and nickel supply. The recent trend of specific energy increasing by nickel content growth could make nickel even more risky than the less abundant cobalt [47]. The further development of Li-and Mn-rich cathode materials can help to mitigate the risk.…”

Section: Nev Market Growth Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Main Drivers of Battery Industry Changes: Electric Vehicles—A Market Overview

Pelegov

Pontes

2018

Batteries

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The growing popularity of electric vehicles is one of the main drivers of battery industry transformation. Words like “transport system decarbonization”, “electromobility”, and “environmental-friendly society” are very popular today, but questions remain as to how to measure electric vehicles’ adoption progress and how this transition changes the battery industry. This perspective paper provides a review of the electric cars and buses market, estimates the production volumes of some other electric vehicle types, and discusses the role of traction batteries in the global battery market. A simple estimation of the sales rate allows us to evaluate the prospects of electric vehicle adoption in leading countries. Finally, the application of the main battery chemistries is reviewed and topical issues to the research society are addressed and formulated.

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“…The development of batteries is one of the crucial main directions for the progress of renewable energies, and batteries have been extensively developed as mobile energy sources (e.g., for mobile phones and cars) [1]. Li-ion-battery (LiB) breakthrough technology has had the lion's share of the development since the early 1990s due to the batteries' high energy density and relative safety [2]. LiBs are mainly composed of a cathode, an anode, an electrolyte, and a separator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Organic and Inorganic Wastes to Form Metal–Organic Frameworks

et al. 2020

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This paper reports a simple method to recycle plastic-bottle and Li-ion-battery waste in one process by forming valuable coordination polymers (metal–organic frameworks, MOFs). Poly(ethylene terephthalate) from plastic bottles was depolymerized to produce an organic ligand source (terephthalate), and Li-ion batteries were dissolved as a source of metals. By mixing both dissolution solutions together, selective precipitation of an Al-based MOF, known as MIL-53 in the literature, was observed. This material can be recovered in large quantities from waste and presents similar properties of purity and porosity to as-synthesis MIL-53. This work illustrates the opportunity to form hybrid porous materials by combining different waste streams, laying the foundations for an achievable integrated circular economy from different waste cycle treatments (for batteries and plastics).

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Horizons for Li‐Ion Batteries Relevant to Electro‐Mobility: High‐Specific‐Energy Cathodes and Chemically Active Separators

Cited by 110 publications

References 136 publications

An alternative means of advanced energy storage by electrochemical modification

An alternative means of advanced energy storage by electrochemical modification

Main Drivers of Battery Industry Changes: Electric Vehicles—A Market Overview

Combining Organic and Inorganic Wastes to Form Metal–Organic Frameworks

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