Hopkins' ‘host selection principle’, another nail in its coffin

Emden, H. F. van; Sponagl, Barbara; Wagner, Evelyn; Baker, Thomas C.; Ganguly, Sudershan; Douloumpaka, Sofia

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3032.1996.tb00873.x

Cited by 167 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…It states that a memory for chemical cues learned during development can be transferred through the pupal stage, affecting the host choice behaviour of the adult insect [22]. Alternative to this pre-imaginal learning, the phenomenon described by Hopkins can also be explained by early imaginal learning of chemical cues that are present at the emergence site of the adult insect [57]. This process was termed 'neo-Hopkins host selection principle' by Jaenike [58].…”

Section: Discussion (A) the Role Of Early Learning For Host Differentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does early learning drive ecological divergence during speciation processes in parasitoid wasps?

et al. 2015

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Central to the concept of ecological speciation is the evolution of ecotypes, i.e. groups of individuals occupying different ecological niches. However, the mechanisms behind the first step of separation, the switch of individuals into new niches, are unclear. One long-standing hypothesis, which was proposed for insects but never tested, is that early learning causes new ecological preferences, leading to a switch into a new niche within one generation. Here, we show that a host switch occurred within a parasitoid wasp, which is associated with the ability for early learning and the splitting into separate lineages during speciation. Lariophagus distinguendus consists of two genetically distinct lineages, most likely representing different species. One attacks drugstore beetle larvae (Stegobium paniceum (L.)), which were probably the ancestral host of both lineages. The drugstore beetle lineage has an innate host preference that cannot be altered by experience. In contrast, the second lineage is found on Sitophilus weevils as hosts and changes its preference by early learning. We conclude that a host switch has occurred in the ancestor of the second lineage, which must have been enabled by early learning. Because early learning is widespread in insects, it might have facilitated ecological divergence and associated speciation in this hyperdiverse group.

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Section: Discussion (A) the Role Of Early Learning For Host Differentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does early learning drive ecological divergence during speciation processes in parasitoid wasps?

et al. 2015

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“…The possibility that the indifference towards wheat baits was caused by rearing the parasitoids on the oat-5, avenae complex can therefore be excluded. This is not necessarily at variance with the chemical legacy hypothesis supported by the findings of van Emden et al (1996). Contact to suitable aphid hosts may provide more recent and thus more important information to the foraging female than the chemical information conveyed through the mummy case from which it had emerged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 31%

“…In additional tests, we examined if pre-adult or emergence-related host plant experiences can influence parasitoid decisions -as was reported by Wickremasinghe & van Emden (1992) and van Emden et al (1996). Three experiments were therefore repeated with parasitoids that had been reared on the wheat-5, avenae complex for several generations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tritrophic interactions between cereals, aphids and parasitoids: Discrimination of different plant-host complexes by Aphidius rhopalosiphi (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)

Micha¹,

Kistenmacher²,

Mölck³

et al. 2000

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. The tritrophic interactions between two different plant-host complexes, Avena sativa-Sitobion avenae, Triticum aestivum-S. avenae and the aphid parasitoid Aphidius rhopalosiphi were studied with respect to odour learning and recognition by the parasitoid. The orientation behaviour of females towards odours from either uninfested or aphid-infested oat or wheat plants was tested in a series of dual choice Y-tube olfactometer experiments. Female parasitoids had the opportunity to gain a single oviposition experience on either the oat-S. avenae or wheat-S. avenae complex before the experiment. In the first set of experiments, where A. rhopalosiphi was reared on the oat-S. avenae complex, eight odour-bait combinations were tested. The females did not discriminate between uninfested oat and wheat. After oat complex experience, females responded to odours from the oat complex, but not to odours from the wheat complex. Consequently, in a direct comparison the oat complex was preferred over the wheat complex. After wheat complex experience, the parasitoid's orientation responses gave a different picture. Both, the wheat complex and the oat com plex, were then shown to be equally attractive. Hence, in direct comparison no preference was recorded between the oat and wheat complexes. In a second set of experiments, where A. rhopalosiphi was reared on the wheat-S. avenae complex, a possible influence of any pre-adult or emergence-related host plant experience could be excluded as the same results were obtained as before. At first glance the responses towards the different odour baits seem inconsistent. However, the results may be explained using a simple model with two key odour components.

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“…Although the Hopkins Host Selection Principle (Hopkins, 1917), which proposed that what an insect ate in its larval stage influenced the adults' choice of host or oviposition site, has largely been discounted (Szentesi & Jermy, 1989;Van Emden et al, 1996;Rojas & Wyatt, 1999;Barron, 2001), there is clear evidence that an adult herbivore's behavior may be influenced by some component of chemical experience associated with the larval host-plant or early adult experience (Jaenike, 1983;Corbet, 1985;Anderson et al, 1995). Our results demonstrate that with predators the behavior of the adult is also influenced by larval feeding experience with chemical defenses in prey.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role that larval feeding experience in insects has on the behavior of adult insects has been the subject of particularly extensive research and intense debate (e.g., Papaj & Rausher, 1983;Szentesi & Jermy, 1989;Papaj & Prokopy, 1989;Bernays, 1995;Barron, 2001). The effects of previous feeding experience on the subsequent feeding behavior of larval insect herbivores and on the choice of adult oviposition sites by herbivores and by parasitoids has been closely examined (Jermy et al, 1982;Jermy, 1987;Herard et al, 1988;Jaenike, 1983;Corbet, 1985;Szentesi & Jermy, 1989;Bernays & Chapman, 1994;Anderson et al, 1995;Van Emden et al, 1996;Rojas & Wyatt, 1999). However, the influence of larval experience on choice of prey by adult predators has been poorly investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larval feeding experience influences adult predator acceptance of chemically defended prey

Rayor

Munson

2002

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Generalist predatory paper wasps, Polistes dominulus, experience plant secondary defensive compounds as developing larvae through their herbivorous lepidopteran caterpillar prey and as adults through attacking caterpillars while foraging. We evaluated the role that larval and early adult experience with unpalatable prey plays in subsequent foraging choices by adult wasps. For periods of two or four weeks, caged wasps were raised exclusively on caterpillars of either unpalatable Buckeye, Junonia coenia, that sequester substantial levels of iridoid glycosides (IG) or on Painted Lady, Vanessa cardui, that contain very low levels of IG. Wasps were then allowed to forage on both caterpillar species simultaneously. Patterns of prey capture differed significantly based on previous prey experience. Regardless of previous feeding experience, adult wasps overwhelmingly preferred to take Vanessa. Yet Junonia-experienced wasps continued to attack and take back to the nest over 50% more Junonia than did Vanessa-experienced wasps. The longer the wasps' larval experience with Junonia, the more likely they were to capture Junonia caterpillars. However, the life stage at which the wasps experienced Junonia was also influential as young adult experience with the unpalatable prey was more of a deterrent than was experience strictly as larvae for Junonia-experienced wasps. The results demonstrate that, in these predators, previous experience with deterrent chemicals during their larval development alters patterns of prey acceptability to the adult insects.

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Hopkins' ‘host selection principle’, another nail in its coffin

Cited by 167 publications

References 7 publications

Does early learning drive ecological divergence during speciation processes in parasitoid wasps?

Does early learning drive ecological divergence during speciation processes in parasitoid wasps?

Tritrophic interactions between cereals, aphids and parasitoids: Discrimination of different plant-host complexes by Aphidius rhopalosiphi (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)

Larval feeding experience influences adult predator acceptance of chemically defended prey

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