Because of the lack of a meaningful international response to global warming, geoengineering has emerged as a potential technological response to climate change. But, thus far, little attention has been given to how religion impacts our understanding of geoengineering. I defend the need to incorporate theological reflection in the conversation of geoengineering by investigating how geoengineering proposals contain an implicit anthropology. A significant framework for our assessment of geoengineering is the balance of human capability and fallibility-a balance that is at the center of theological and religious interpretations of the meaning of the human condition. Similarly, geoengineering challenges our past understandings of theological anthropology.News reports and international scientific assessments make clear that climate change is a pressing issue. Yet we face political gridlock, personal unwillingness to modify habits and lifestyles, and a hesitation to make the necessary radical changes to social structures. What are we to do? Perhaps out of desperation or due to our confidence in human technological prowess, the lack of a measured answer to global warming has led to more extreme proposals. One such proposal is geoengineering (sometimes called climate engineering), the possibility of large-scale human technological manipulation of the climate in order to forestall temperatures associated with catastrophic global warming. Over the past decade, geoengineering has gone from fanciful science fiction to the pages of academic journals.Although geoengineering has captured the attention of climate scientists, ethicists, and policy analysts, scant attention has been given to how religion and theology impact our understanding of geoengineering. This is unfortunate, because this lack of religious reflection results in a distorted understanding of the impact geoengineering might have. Furthermore, Forrest Clingerman is associate professor in the 6 Forrest Clingerman 7 this lack limits our ability to assess how climate engineering currently is understood by society. Theology-broadly speaking, critical reflection on ultimacy, meaning and the sacred as these are manifested in existencehas much to say about geoengineering, and much to learn from it. In fact, theological reflection can uncover a wide variety of positions related to geoengineering, from a clear condemnation to a cautious acceptance (a spectrum described in more detail elsewhere; see Clingerman 2012). In order to promote further reflection on this subject, the present essay addresses one of the most important areas in which theological reflection should have a voice in the geoengineering debate: the interpretation of the nature of being human, or what can be identified as philosophical and theological theories of anthropology. Climate engineering challenges us to rethink our sense of being human in ways that have profoundly theological implications. I wish to show that a significant framework for our assessment of geoengineering is the balance of human capa...