Hooper Visual Organization Test

Buttaro, Melissa

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_1372-2

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…While age differences in spatial abilities were of primary interest in the current study, we also wanted to determine whether any sex differences that we presented in our data, given the previous work, suggested that males perform better than females on a variety of spatial processing measures [49]. To determine whether there were differences between the age groups and sexes, on the neuropsychological assessments included in the study, we ran two 2 (Age: younger, older) × 2 (Sex: male, female) ANOVAS separately, for the performance on the Hooper Visual Orientation test [45] and on the Santa Barbara Sense-of-Direction scale [47]. The analysis on the Hooper Visual Organization performance revealed a main effect of Age, F (1, 40) = 26.12, MSE = 0.26, p < 0.001, and η 2 = 0.40, such that the scores were higher for younger than for older adults, but there was no effect of Sex, F (1, 40) = 2.09, MSE = 0.02, p = 0.16, η 2 = 0.05.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Correlations with neuropsychological assessments. To determine whether spatial memory performance was related to performance in the Hooper Visual Orientation test [45] and the Santa Barbara Sense-of-Direction scale [47], we ran a series of partial correlations separately, for active and passive encoding, while controlling for age. A significant and positive relationship was found between Route Overlap accuracy and the Hooper Visual Orientation test, for both active ( r = 0.51, p = 0.001) and passive ( r = 0.42, p = 0.005) Trial types, suggesting, as expected, that better spatial visualization abilities are related to superior spatial memory performance, regardless of whether one actively or passively encodes a route.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The positive relationship found between memory accuracy and scores on the Hooper Visual Orientation test suggests that individuals who can create better mental visualizations are better at creating a mental image of the travelled routes, which benefits performance when retracing those routes. The Hooper Visual Orientation test measures one’s ability to mentally rotate and piece together misarranged visual information to identify the depicted object [45,46]. As such, it may be the case that individuals with higher scores on this test are better at mentally translating and combining the visual components of travelled sections of the route, to create a survey representation of the environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neuropsychological assessments. Spatial visualization ability was evaluated with the Hooper Visual Orientation test [45], which had good internal reliability, as indicated by a coefficient α of 0.88 [46]. This test is scored out of 30; it contains 30 line drawings of common objects that are portrayed as having been cut up and misaligned; participants had to mentally rotate and piece together the visual information, to identify the depicted object.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active Navigation in Virtual Environments Benefits Spatial Memory in Older Adults

Meade

Sauzéon

et al. 2019

Brain Sciences

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We investigated age differences in memory for spatial routes that were either actively or passively encoded. A series of virtual environments were created and presented to 20 younger (Mean age = 19.71) and 20 older (Mean age = 74.55) adults, through a cardboard viewer. During encoding, participants explored routes presented within city, park, and mall virtual environments, and were later asked to re-trace their travelled routes. Critically, participants encoded half the virtual environments by passively viewing a guided tour along a pre-selected route, and half through active exploration with volitional control of their movements by using a button press on the viewer. During retrieval, participants were placed in the same starting location and asked to retrace the previously traveled route. We calculated the percentage overlap in the paths travelled at encoding and retrieval, as an indicator of spatial memory accuracy, and examined various measures indexing individual differences in their cognitive approach and visuo-spatial processing abilities. Results showed that active navigation, compared to passive viewing during encoding, resulted in a higher accuracy in spatial memory, with the magnitude of this memory enhancement being significantly larger in older than in younger adults. Regression analyses showed that age and score on the Hooper Visual Organizational test predicted spatial memory accuracy, following the passive and active encoding of routes. The model predicting accuracy following active encoding additionally included the distance of stops from an intersection as a significant predictor, illuminating a cognitive approach that specifically contributes to memory benefits in following active navigation. Results suggest that age-related deficits in spatial memory can be reduced by active encoding.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%