Hooked on mushrooms: Preparation and mechanics of a bioinspired soft probabilistic fastener

Sharma, Preeti; Saggiomo, Vittorio; Doef, Vincent van der; Kamperman, Marleen; Dijksman, Joshua A.

doi:10.1116/6.0000634

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The hooks on the cremaster play a crucial role in this connection, where each hook is similar to an anchor-like structure. The functional principle of the cremaster and silk pad attachment mechanism is surprisingly similar to that of the Velcro brand textile fastener, which consists of two interlocking components: hooks and loops. − The difference between the Velcro fastener and the attachment system of butterfly pupae (the cremaster and silk pad) is that the “hook and loop” system of the Velcro fastener can be easily opened, as it comprises a simple, single hook, whereas each cremaster hook has two lateral barbs. The special design of the cremaster hook not only makes it easy to extend into the mesh of the silk pad but also makes it difficult to decouple from the silk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Butterflies Use Silk to Attach their Pupae to Trees?

Lu,

Zhu,

Cheng

et al. 2024

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Butterflies constitute approximately 10% of lepidopteran insects, and along with silkworms, they can produce silk; however, this feature is often ignored. In the present study, we observed two primary methods used by butterflies to hang pupae on trees using silk: pupa adheraena (Danaus chrysippus) and pupa contigua (Papilio polytes). Anchoring the abdominal ends of pupae with a silk pad was the most common method used in both cases, whereas wrapping silk around the body using a silk girdle was a method unique to pupa contigua. The connection between the cremaster and silk pad was observed to be similar to that between the hook and loop of a Velcro fastener, except that the cremaster hook is anchor-shaped rather than being a single hook. Such a connection will remain secure, ensuring the safety of the pupae during exposure to wind and rain. Through determining the mechanical properties of silk, the performance of butterfly silk was found to be weaker than that of silkworm silk. Therefore, the P. polytes silk girdle adopts the strategy of merging a dozen silk threads to improve its strength and toughness, thereby making it difficult to break. In addition, we explained how the protein sequence and structure of butterfly silk impact its performance. In conclusion, we discovered that butterfly pupae develop unique body features to establish secure bonds with silk. This enables them to effectively undergo metamorphosis and endure harsh weather conditions and surroundings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Butterflies Use Silk to Attach their Pupae to Trees?

Lu,

Zhu,

Cheng

et al. 2024

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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“…To improve the adhesive properties and durability of mechanical interlocker, Jiao et al [7] proposed an optimization design which has a pestle type micro protuberance. Sharma et al [8] developed a soft probabilistic fastener which perceptibly reduced the damage of the protuberances or the mating fabric.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical property analysis of a novel peel-speed sensitive flexible fastener

Zhang¹,

Xie²,

Fang³

et al. 2022

Vib. proced.

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A design of peel-speed sensitive flexible fastener was proposed based on a novel modified polyurethane. Taking the microtrichia of the head-arrester system of lestes barbarous as the bionic prototype, the structure of the micro protuberance was designed as self-mating type with hemispherical caps. Considering the nonlinearities of contact behavior and of the material property, a micromechanical model of typical interlocking element is established. Adopting the explicit dynamics finite element method, the mechanical responses of fastener in peeling are analyzed. The detachment of interlocking element is predicated by taking the total strain energy as an indicator. The influences of peel speed and friction coefficient on the mechanical performances are parametrically studied. The results show that the maximum peel force and the strength increased with respect to the enhancing peel speed because of the intrinsic nonlinearity in the constitutive relation of novel modified polyurethane the investigation adopted. With larger friction coefficient, the maximum peel force, the total strain energy and the corresponding de-adhesion displacements are respectively enhanced.

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“…Various concepts of Velcro-like fasteners have been suggested so far [1][2][3]. The idea of employing NiTi shape memory alloys (SMA) for producing Velcro-like fasteners is not new.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength of Superelastic NiTi Velcro-Like Fasteners

Vokoun

Pilch

Kadeřávek

et al. 2021

Metals

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Velcro hook-and-loop fasteners invented more than 70 years ago are examples of the mechanism inspired by the tiny hooks found on the surface of burs of a plant commonly known as burdock. Several years ago, a novel Velcro-like fastener made of two arrays of hook-shaped thin NiTi wires was developed. Unique features of such fasteners, such as high thermally-tunable strength, fair force–stroke reproducibility, forceless contact or silent release, all derive from the superelasticity of the NiTi micro-wires. Recently, it was noticed that the presented fastener design allowed for a prediction of the number of active hooks. In this continuing study, the tension strength of the fastener was simulated as a function of hook density. Based on statistics, the model showed non-linear dependency of the number of interlocked hooks, N, on the hook density, m (N = round (0.21 m + 0.0035 m2 − 6.6)), for the simple hook pairs and the given hook geometry. The dependence of detachment force on stroke was simulated based on the Gaussian distribution of unhooking of individual hook connections along the stroke. The strength of the studied NiTi hook fasteners depended on hook density approximately linearly. The highest strength per cm2 reached at room temperature was 10.5 Ncm−2 for a density of m = 240 hooks/cm2.

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Hooked on mushrooms: Preparation and mechanics of a bioinspired soft probabilistic fastener

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

How Do Butterflies Use Silk to Attach their Pupae to Trees?

How Do Butterflies Use Silk to Attach their Pupae to Trees?

Mechanical property analysis of a novel peel-speed sensitive flexible fastener

Strength of Superelastic NiTi Velcro-Like Fasteners

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