Hooked from the deep: a rare new species of Taeniogyrus (Holothuroidea, Chiridotidae) from the continental slope of Brazil, southwestern Atlantic

Abstract

Most species of Taeniogyrus Semper, 1867 are known from shallow water in the Indo-Pacific, with other records in Antarctica, Mediterranean Sea, and the Atlantic. A new species of Taeniogyrus is described and illustrated here from the continental slope of Campos Basin, southeast of Brazil. In this species, sigmoid hooks (336-405 µm) are much larger than in any other in the genus, bearing a long and conspicuous hook region. Wheels with six spokes (86-169 µm), inner margin with 60-125 continuous teeth, are confined to round papillae along each interradius. Polian vesicles are ventral, numerous (15-21), of different sizes, and tubular shaped with a terminal round region. This new species represents the deepest record of the genus Taeniogyrus. It increases to three the number of chiridotids in Brazilian waters, and the number of Taeniogyrus species in the Atlantic. Additionally, Taeniogyrus furcipraeditus (Salvini-Plawen, 1972) from the Mediterranean Sea and Taeniogyrus havelockensis (Rao, 1975) from the Andaman Sea are proposed as new combinations.

Catalogue of living crinoids (Echinodermata: Crinoidea) from Brazil

“…It is notable that over the last decade, the number of studies on Brazilian echinoderms has increased significantly and has included publication of several papers on different classes (e.g., Alitto et al 2019;Barbosa et al 2015;Contins & Ventura 2011;Gondim et al 2013Gondim et al , 2014Gondim et al , 2018Lopes et al 2016;Martins & Souto 2020;Moura et al 2015;Tavares et al 2019) and the appearance of new specialists. However, this has not applied to Crinoidea.…”

Volume 50, Número Especial

“…For taxonomic identification, the following references were used for each class: Crinoidea: Messing (2019Messing ( , 2020a cada uno. Para la identificación taxonómica se utilizaron las siguientes referencias para cada clase: Crinoidea: Messing (2019Messing ( , 2020aMessing ( , 2020bMessing ( , 2020cMessing ( , 2020d, Antarctic Underwater Field Guide (2019); Asteroidea: Clark y Downey (1992), Janosik y Halanych (2010), Peck et al (2018); Ophiuroidea: Bell (1902), Koehler (1912), Matsumoto (1915Matsumoto ( , 1917, Mortensen (1927Mortensen ( , 1936, Fell (1960) et al (2010, 2015), Thandar (2013), Martínez (2014) and Moura et al (2015 Koehler (1912), Matsumoto (1915Matsumoto ( , 1917, Mortensen (1936), Fell (1960), A.M. Clark (1970, Mortensen (1927) and Holothuroidea: Miller and Pawson (1984)…”

“…Para el género este registro es el primero en la península considerando que T. antarticus Heding, 1931 se distribuye en las islas Georgias del Sur, el mar de Scotia, las islas Orkney del Sur y en las islas Aurora (Moura et al, 2015). Además, la profundidad a la que fueron recolectados los ejemplares incrementaría el intervalo de distribución batimétrica de la especie de 109 m de profundidad, registrado por Moura et al (2015) hasta 54 m.…”

Ypsilothuria bitentaculata bitentaculata (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the southwestern Atlantic, with comments on its morphology

“…Likewise, only recently more progress has been made on the discovery of deep-sea holothuroids (e.g. Moura et al 2010, Campos et al 2010, Moura et al 2015.…”