Honig's model of working memory and brain activation: an fMRI study

Landrø, Nils Inge; Rund, Bjørn Rishovd; Lund, Anders; Sundet, Kjetil; Mjellem, Norma; Asbjørnsen, Arve; Thomsen, Tormod; Ersland, Lars; Lundervold, Arvid; Smievoll, Alf Inge; Egeland, Jens; Stordal, Kirsten Irene; Roness, Atle; Sundberg, Håkan; Hugdahl, Kenneth

doi:10.1097/00001756-200112210-00038

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The operation span task, for example, requires maintenance of verbal information while mathematical operations are performed (Smith et al, 2001). Other manipulation tasks involve similar dual-task requirements (see, e.g., Bunge, Klingberg, Jacobsen, & Gabrieli, 2000) or, for example, arithmetically operating on numbers in WM (Landro et al, 2001;Tsukiura et al, 2001).…”

Section: Classification Of Peaks By Materials Type and Executive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging studies of working memory:

Wager

Smith

2003

Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience

1,668

140

1,257

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Working memory (WM), a system for actively maintaining and manipulating information, has been one of the most studied topics in cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. It is fundamental to the performance of many cognitive tasks and day-to-day activities: imagining how an object might look from a different perspective, remembering a phone number while taking something out of the oven, solving a math problem "in your head," or planning the next move in a chess game, to give just a few examples. WM is sometimes conceptualized as an active workspace because it is closely linked with the voluntary allocation of attention. The study of WM is central to understanding how memory and thought work. Models of Working MemoryBaddeley (1992) and colleagues have given one of the clearest conceptualizations of WM. They proposed two basic subsystems for maintaining information-the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketch pad, for remembering verbal and visual information, respectively. These subsystems are further subdivided into passive storage and active rehearsal mechanisms. Manipulation of information held in WM is accomplished by a third, central executive system. Most broad architectures of human cognition incorporate some version of this framework. In this meta-analysis, we are concerned with the neural basis of WM. Controversies on the Organization of the Frontal LobesSome of the earliest neuroimaging studies of WM addressed questions raised in part by Baddeley's (1992) framework-particularly, how the putative components of WM map onto brain systems and whether patterns of brain activation respect the distinctions between types of WM apparent in behavioral studies.Organization by material type. One of the major dimensions along which WM systems may be subdivided is the type of material stored in WM. Three types of material have been most commonly studied: verbal, spatial, and object information. Verbal information includes words, letters, or other material that is primarily coded linguisticallyand is likely to be maintained by a rehearsal process involving a subvocal sequential generation of memory items. Spatial information includes information about the spatial positions of stimuli. Object information includes storage of nonspatial visual features or object identity.We tested three hypotheses about the organization of WM by material type. One organizationalprinciple, based on monkey and human studies (e.g., Funahashi, Chafee, & Goldman- Wilson, 255 Copyright 2003 Psychonomic Society, Inc. Neuroimaging studies of working memory:A meta-analysis TOR D. WAGER and EDWARD E. SMITH University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MichiganWe performed meta-analyses on 60 neuroimaging (PET and fMRI) studies of working memory (WM), considering three types of storage material (spatial, verbal, and object), three types of executive function (continuous updating of WM, memory for temporal order, and manipulation of information in WM), and interactions between material and executive function. Analyses of material type showed ...

show abstract

Section: Classification Of Peaks By Materials Type and Executive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging studies of working memory:

Wager

Smith

2003

Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience

1,668

140

1,257

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A correlated variance between the two measurements is therefore unlikely and the main differences can be studied by exploring only the group-means. Since the activation pattern for this tasks has been well-characterised (Hugdahl et al, 2004;Landrø et al, 2001), we explored the results on an uncorrected level of p < .001 and displayed only clusters with at least contiguous 10 voxels. Further, the differences between the pre-and post-treatment investigation were explored in more detail on a threshold of p < .001 and the same criteria for the cluster size.…”

Section: Mr-scanningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the major symptoms of depression, recent neuropsychological studies have revealed that patients diagnosed with major depression frequently show cognitive deficits (see Shenal, Harrison, & Demaree, 2003). These deficits seem to involve many key cognitive functions and processes, such as attention, memory, language, and executive functions (Den Hartog, Derix, Van Bemmel, Kremer, & Jolles, 2003;Elliott, 1998;Landrø et al, 2001;Veiel, 1997;Zakzanis, Leach, & Kaplan, 1999) (Beats, Sahakian, & Levy, 1996, Burt, Zembar, & Niederehe, 1995Goodwin, 1997;Grant, Thase, & Sweeney, 2001;Murphy et al, 2001;Purcell, Maruff, Kyrios, & Pantelis, 1997), also including cognitive effort (Hartlage, Alloy, Vazquez, & Dykman, 1993;Hasher & Zacks, 1979) and increasing cognitive load (Austin, Mitchell, & Goodwin, 2001;Veiel, 1997;Zakzanis et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Parietal and Frontal Activation after Remission from Recurrent Major Depression: A Repeated fMRI Study

et al. 2007

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nine patients with unipolar major depression were scanned with MRI twice over a 2-year period, and compared with 12 healthy control subjects. All patients fulfilled criteria for major depressive disorder, recurrent type, at first scanning. Level of depressive psychopathology was assessed by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. The participants had to work on a mental arithmetics/working memory task while in the MR scanner. The task consisted of single digits (1 to 9) that were shown to the participant, who had to add the numbers in successive pairs and press a response button when the sum was 10. Neuronal activation was recorded based on the BOLD contrast 123 phenomenon in a functional MRI protocol. The results showed significant increase in activation for the patients in the inferior frontal gyrus and the superior and inferior parietal lobule at the second compared with the first MR scanning session. There were also significant correlations between the HDRS scores and neuronal activation which showed a negative correlation particularly in the inferior frontal and parietal lobe areas, which overlapped with similar areas activated in the healthy control participants. This may indicate normalization of brain activation in depressed patients as a function of time from an illness phase to a remission/recovery state.

show abstract

“…Working memory is defined as a cognitive mechanism that holds currently attended information of any modality online and manipulates it according to the contextual needs of the moment [1]. According to a wealth of studies, working memory seems to be identical in birds and mammals [30,51]. Working memory was even defined parallel and rather independently in pigeons and humans [22], and according to Becker and Morris [3], the non-human [22] and the human [1] definition of working memory only differ with respect to the presence of a language component in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian and mammalian “prefrontal cortices”: Limited degrees of freedom in the evolution of the neural mechanisms of goal-state maintenance

Güntürkün

2005

Brain Research Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Is it possible to produce the same cognitive function with different brain organizations? This question is approached for working memory, a cognitive entity that is equally organized in birds and mammals. The critical forebrain structure for working memory is the nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL) in birds and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in mammals. Although both structures share a large number of neural architectural features, they are probably not homologous but represent a remarkable case of convergent evolution. In reviewing the neuronal mechanisms for working memory in birds and mammals it becomes apparent that the similarities of NCL and PFC extend from the neuronal activation patterns during memory tasks down to the biophysical mechanisms of synaptic currents. Both in mammals and birds, dopamine acts via D1-receptors to tune preactivated neurons into sustained high-frequency patterns with which goal states can be held over time until an appropriate response can be generated. The degrees of freedom to create different neural architectures to solve the problem of 'stimulus maintenance' seem to be very small.

show abstract

Honig's model of working memory and brain activation: an fMRI study

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Neuroimaging studies of working memory:

Neuroimaging studies of working memory:

Increased Parietal and Frontal Activation after Remission from Recurrent Major Depression: A Repeated fMRI Study

Avian and mammalian “prefrontal cortices”: Limited degrees of freedom in the evolution of the neural mechanisms of goal-state maintenance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About