Honeybee microbiome is stabilized in the presence of propolis

Saelao, Perot; Borba, Renata S.; Ricigliano, Vincent A.; Spivak, Marla; Simone-Finstrom, Michael

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2020.0003

Cited by 36 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Bo. apis is the most abundant bacterium on the queen mouthparts and in the midguts of healthy queens, indicating that this bacterium is non-pathogenic and may provide a protective effect, analogous to Snodgrasella alvi in the worker gut [ 14 , 16 ]. Bo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was hypothesized (but untested) that propolis reduced the amount of opportunistic and/or pathogenic bacteria in the nest, which subsequently reduced the need for bees to activate the physiologically costly immune system [ 13 ]. Recently, microbiome sequencing of bees by Borba et al [ 6 ] revealed that a propolis envelope significantly altered the presence of several key members of the gut microbiome and reduced the microbial diversity, suggesting that propolis may promote a healthy gut microbiome [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Propolis Envelope Promotes Beneficial Bacteria in the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Mouthpart Microbiome

Dalenberg

Maes

Mott

et al. 2020

Insects

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Honey bees collect and apply plant resins to the interior of their nest cavity, in order to form a layer around the nest cavity called a propolis envelope. Propolis displays antimicrobial activity against honey bee pathogens, but the effect of propolis on the honey bee microbiome is unknown. Honey bees do not intentionally consume propolis, but they do manipulate propolis with their mouthparts. Because honey bee mouthparts are used for collecting and storing nectar and pollen, grooming and trophallaxis between adults, feeding larvae, and cleaning the colony, they are an important interface between the bees’ external and internal environments and serve as a transmission route for core gut bacteria and pathogens alike. We hypothesized that the antimicrobial activity of an experimentally applied propolis envelope would influence the bacterial diversity and abundance of the worker mouthpart microbiome. The results revealed that the mouthparts of worker bees in colonies with a propolis envelope exhibited a significantly lower bacterial diversity and significantly higher bacterial abundance compared to the mouthparts of bees in colonies without a propolis envelope. Based on the taxonomic results, the propolis envelope appeared to reduce pathogenic or opportunistic microbes and promote the proliferation of putatively beneficial microbes on the honey bee mouthparts, thus reinforcing the core microbiome of the mouthpart niche.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propolis Envelope Promotes Beneficial Bacteria in the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Mouthpart Microbiome

Dalenberg

Maes

Mott

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…One might ask what benefit immunomodulation might offer to the bees that collect it. Perhaps some clue to this is from the recent paper indicating that the honey bee microbiome is stabilised by propolis [ 46 ], and this could in part be mediated by modulation of the immune response as well as by the control of pathogens by the propolis. Propolis contains hundreds of components with flavonoids and phenylpropanoid compounds being the major components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperate Propolis Has Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Is a Potent Inhibitor of Nitric Oxide Formation in Macrophages

Alanazi

Alenzi

Fearnley³

et al. 2020

Metabolites

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Previous research has shown that propolis has immunomodulatory activity. Extracts from two UK propolis samples were assessed for their anti-inflammatory activities by investigating their ability to alter the production of the cytokines: tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-10 from mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages co-stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The propolis extracts suppressed the secretion of IL-1β and IL-6 with less effect on TNFα. In addition, propolis reduced the levels of nitric oxide formed by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Metabolomic profiling was carried out by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) on a ZIC-pHILIC column. LPS increased the levels of intermediates involved in nitric oxide biosynthesis; propolis lowered many of these. In addition, LPS produced an increase in itaconate and citrate, and propolis treatment increased itaconate still further while greatly reducing citrate levels. Moreover, LPS treatment increased levels of glutathione (GSH) and intermediates in its biosynthesis, while propolis treatment boosted these still further. In addition, propolis treatment greatly increased levels of uridine diphosphate (UDP)–sugar conjugates. Overall, the results showed that propolis extracts exert an anti-inflammatory effect by the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and by the metabolic reprogramming of LPS activity in macrophages.

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“…Interestingly, it has recently been reported that feeding propolis to bees also reduces infection with the microsporidium bee parasite Nosema ceranae ( Mura et al, 2020 ). In addition, it has been observed that propolis has beneficial effects in stabilising the honey bee microbiome ( Saelao et al, 2020 ). We conclude that East African propolis, like propolis from other African locations, has promising anti-kinetoplastid properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel flavanones with anti-trypanosomal activity isolated from Zambian and Tanzanian propolis samples

Alenezi

Natto

Igoli

et al. 2020

International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistan

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A bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation of propolis samples from Tanzania and Zambia that screened for activity against Trypanosoma brucei has led to the isolation of two novel flavanones with promising antitrypanosomal activity. The compounds were characterized based on their spectral and physical data and identified as 6-(1,1-dimethylallyl) pinocembrin and 5-hydroxy-4″,4″-dimethyl-5″-methyl-5″- H -dihydrofuranol [2″,3″,6,7] flavanone. The two compounds, together with the propolis extracts and fractions, were assayed against a standard drug-sensitive strain of T. b. brucei ( s427 wild-type), multi-drug resistant-resistant T. b. brucei (B48), drug-sensitive T. congolense (1L300) and a derived diminazene-resistant T. congolense strain (6C3), and for toxicity against U947 human cells and RAW 246.7 murine cells. Activity against T. b. brucei was higher than against T. congolense . Interestingly, the Tanzanian propolis extract was found to be more active than its fractions and purified compounds in these assays, with an IC 50 of 1.20 μg/mL against T. b. brucei . The results of a cytotoxicity assay showed that the propolis extracts were less toxic than the purified compounds with mean IC 50 values > 165.0 μg/mL.

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Honeybee microbiome is stabilized in the presence of propolis

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Propolis Envelope Promotes Beneficial Bacteria in the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Mouthpart Microbiome

Propolis Envelope Promotes Beneficial Bacteria in the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Mouthpart Microbiome

Temperate Propolis Has Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Is a Potent Inhibitor of Nitric Oxide Formation in Macrophages

Novel flavanones with anti-trypanosomal activity isolated from Zambian and Tanzanian propolis samples

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