Homophobia and national collective narcissism in populist Poland

Mole, Richard; Zavala, Agnieszka Golec de; Ardağ, M. Murat

doi:10.1017/s0003975621000072

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(21 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Prejudice toward sexual dissenters was measured as a concern that nontraditional women and gay people threaten national identity. This measure was composed of two scales: a scale measuring perception of nontraditional women as a national threat (“Women who do not have children threaten the survival of their nation,” “For the sake of the nation, men should control women,” “Women should ‘respect themselves’ for the good of the nation,” “Women’s equality is a threat to Poland”) and a scale measuring the perception of gay people as a threat to national survival (“Not having children, gays, and lesbians threaten the survival of their nation”; “Homosexuality is a threat to Poland”; “Homosexuality is a Western import”; “Gays do not possess the traits needed for the military defense of the nation”; Mole, Golec de Zavala, & Adraq, 2020). The two measures were strongly, positively correlated in all measurement waves (T1: r (1058) = .63; T2: r (930) = .64; T3: r (892) = .69, all p s < .001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The COVID-19 pandemic, authoritarianism, and rejection of sexual dissenters in Poland.

Zavala

Bierwiaczonek

Baran

et al. 2021

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Poland, gender hierarchy restricting women's sexuality and hetero-normativity are rooted in traditional 'family values' supported by the teachings of the Polish Catholic Church and attached to Polish national identity. Dissenters to traditional norms regulating gender and sexual relations are rejected as threat to social order and national unity. Latent growth curve modeling performed on data from a three-wave longitudinal study indicated linear, interrelated increases in authoritarianism, a desire for national cohesion and rejection of sexual dissenters in the nationally representative sample of participants (N = 889) as the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded in Poland. Data were collected before and during the outbreak of the pandemic allowing us to link the changes in social attitudes to this naturally occurring threat. Cross-lagged panel analysis indicated that authoritarianism predicted desire for national cohesion, which resulted in rejection of dissenters. These results are in line with theoretical models of authoritarianism as a response to threat. They are also in line with findings linking death anxiety and the threat of infectious disease to increases in authoritarianism, traditional worldview defense, in-group cohesion and sexual restrictiveness.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The COVID-19 pandemic, authoritarianism, and rejection of sexual dissenters in Poland.

Zavala

Bierwiaczonek

Baran

et al. 2021

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As an individual difference variable, collective narcissism can characterise group members with a relative degree of stability in reference to the same social identity (as indicated by longitudinal studies; Federico et al, 2021;, and across intersecting social identities (as indicated by studies comparing collective narcissism with reference to different social identities; Golec de Zavala & Keenan, 2022b;Mole et al, 2021). However, like group membership salience and ingroup identification (Mullen et al, 1992;Thomas et al, 2020), collective narcissism is higher among members of disadvantaged groups in comparison to members of advantaged groups (Bagci et al, 2021;Golec de Zavala & Keenan, 2022a;Golec de Zavala et al, 2009).…”

Section: Gender Collective Narcissism and Parochial Vicarious Ostracismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional Parochial Vicarious Ostracism: Gender Collective Narcissism Predicts Distress at the Exclusion of the Gender Ingroup in Women and Men

Zavala

2022

Sex Roles

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three experiments (two pre-registered) tested whether gender collective narcissism (i.e., a belief that one’s gender ingroup’s exceptionality is not sufficiently recognized by others) predicts parochial vicarious ostracism (i.e., feeling ostracized and distressed while recognizing the gender ingroup’s exclusion, but not when recognizing the exclusion of the gender outgroup). In all studies (overall N = 1480), gender collective narcissism was positively associated with distress among women who witnessed the exclusion of women, but not among men who witnessed the exclusion of women. In Study 3, gender collective narcissism was positively associated with distress among men who witnessed the exclusion of men, but not among women who witnessed the exclusion of men. These findings help explain why men do not universally feel distressed by the discrimination of women and why some women may mobilize to challenge gender discrimination.

show abstract

“…Further research with the inclusion of a non-binary group would seem to be of particular interest (Scandurra et al, 2019 ). The psychosocial situation of non-binary people should be monitored all the more carefully, as the existence of anti-LGBTI attitudes in Poland, marginalization and stereotypical representation of this social group can still be observed (Chojnicka, 2015 ; Mole et al, 2021 ). Actions for the inclusion of non-binary people are consistent with one of the goals of the UN document Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2015), which is to “Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels”.…”

Section: Limitations and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes Towards Rape and Their Determinants Among Men, Women and Non-Binary People in Poland

Olszewska

Piotrowski

Wojciechowski

2022

Sexuality & Culture

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this paper is to present the results of research on attitudes towards rape conducted in a group of 850 adult Poles, including 505 women, 310 men and 35 non-binary people, and to analyze their selected correlates: rape myth acceptance, right-wing authoritarianism and rape empathy. Non-binary people have only recently been included in research as a distinct group and little information can be found in the literature on the characteristics of their attitudes towards social problems. Therefore particular attention was paid to comparing the attitudes towards rape of non-binary people with those of women and men. In analyzing the results, the authors took into account the current socio-political situation in Poland. The results indicate that attitudes toward sexual aggression are related to the type of gender identification. The most positive attitudes towards rape victims among the groups participating in the research are held by non-binary people. Furthermore, attitudes towards rape are determined by rape myths, right-wing authoritarianism and empathy for victims of rape.

show abstract

Homophobia and national collective narcissism in populist Poland

Cited by 28 publications

References 33 publications

The COVID-19 pandemic, authoritarianism, and rejection of sexual dissenters in Poland.

The COVID-19 pandemic, authoritarianism, and rejection of sexual dissenters in Poland.

Conditional Parochial Vicarious Ostracism: Gender Collective Narcissism Predicts Distress at the Exclusion of the Gender Ingroup in Women and Men

Attitudes Towards Rape and Their Determinants Among Men, Women and Non-Binary People in Poland

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About