Homology of the TetM with translational elongation factors: implications for potential modes of tetM conferred tetracycline resistance

Sánchez-Pescador, Ray; Brown, Janice T.; Roberts, Marilyn C.; Urdea, Mickey S.

doi:10.1093/nar/16.3.1218

Cited by 85 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The TetM protein has recently been shown to share N-terminal homology with five translational elongation factors, strengthening the assertion that its mode of action involves ribosomal binding (230).…”

Section: Other Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics

1990

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The geographic distribution of pneumococci resistant to one or more of the antibiotics penicillin, erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline appears to be expanding, and there exist foci of resistance to chloramphenicol and rifampin. Multiply resistant pneumococci are being encountered more commonly and are more often community acquired. Factors associated with infection caused by resistant pneumococci include young age, duration of hospitalization, infection with a pneumococcus of serogroup 6, 19, or 23 or serotype 14, and exposure to antibiotics to which the strain is resistant. At present, the most useful drugs for the management of resistant pneumococcal infections are cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and rifampin. If the strains are susceptible, chloramphenicol may be useful as an alternative, less expensive agent. Appropriate interventions for the control of resistant pneumococcal outbreaks include investigation of the prevalence of resistant strains, isolation of patients, possible treatment of carriers, and reduction of usage of antibiotics to which the strain is resistant. The molecular mechanisms of penicillin resistance are related to the structure and function of penicillin-binding proteins, and the mechanisms of resistance to other agents involved in multiple resistance are being elucidated. Recognition is increasing of the standard screening procedure for penicillin resistance, using a 1-microgram oxacillin disk.

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Section: Other Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics

1990

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“…They confer a wider spectrum of resistance to tetracyclines than is seen with bacteria that carry tetracycline efflux proteins, with the exception of Tet(B). The ribosomal protection proteins have homology to elongation factors EF-Tu and EF-G (259,292). The greatest homology is seen at the N-terminal area, which contains the GTP-binding domain.…”

Section: Genetic and Biochemical Mechanisms Of Tetracycline Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Tetracycline Antibiotics: Mode of Action, Applications, Molecular Biology, and Epidemiology of Bacterial Resistance

Chopra

Roberts

2001

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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3,576

2,643

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Tetracyclines were discovered in the 1940s and exhibited activity against a wide range of microorganisms including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, chlamydiae, mycoplasmas, rickettsiae, and protozoan parasites. They are inexpensive antibiotics, which have been used extensively in the prophlylaxis and therapy of human and animal infections and also at subtherapeutic levels in animal feed as growth promoters. The first tetracycline-resistant bacterium, Shigella dysenteriae, was isolated in 1953. Tetracycline resistance now occurs in an increasing number of pathogenic, opportunistic, and commensal bacteria. The presence of tetracycline-resistant pathogens limits the use of these agents in treatment of disease. Tetracycline resistance is often due to the acquisition of new genes, which code for energy-dependent efflux of tetracyclines or for a protein that protects bacterial ribosomes from the action of tetracyclines. Many of these genes are associated with mobile plasmids or transposons and can be distinguished from each other using molecular methods including DNA-DNA hybridization with oligonucleotide probes and DNA sequencing. A limited number of bacteria acquire resistance by mutations, which alter the permeability of the outer membrane porins and/or lipopolysaccharides in the outer membrane, change the regulation of innate efflux systems, or alter the 16S rRNA. New tetracycline derivatives are being examined, although their role in treatment is not clear. Changing the use of tetracyclines in human and animal health as well as in food production is needed if we are to continue to use this class of broad-spectrum antimicrobials through the present century

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“…The RPPs display sequence similarity to the ribosomal elongation factors, EF-G and EF-Tu (41), and are grouped into the translation factor superfamily of GTPases (27). Accordingly, the RPPs bind and hydrolyze GTP in a ribosome-dependent manner (5,6,53), and maintenance of this activity is important for in vivo activity (11,23).…”

Section: Ribosomal Protection Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%