Homogeneous water nucleation and droplet growth in methane and carbon dioxide mixtures at 235 K and 10 bar

Holten, Vincent; Dongen, van Meh Rini

doi:10.1063/1.3432623

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…In brief, the gaps for the kinetic model for heterogeneous condensation on an insoluble spherical particle have been overcome by taking two mechanisms of cluster growth and the effect of line tension into account (Eqs. (8), (27), and (23)), and deriving the exact expression for evaporation coefficient (Eqs. (27)-(29)).…”

Section: Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A kinetic model for heterogeneous condensation of vapor on an insoluble spherical particle

Luo

Fan

Qin

et al. 2014

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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A kinetic model is developed to describe the heterogeneous condensation of vapor on an insoluble spherical particle. This new model considers two mechanisms of cluster growth: direct addition of water molecules from the vapor and surface diffusion of adsorbed water molecules on the particle. The effect of line tension is also included in the model. For the first time, the exact expression of evaporation coefficient is derived for heterogeneous condensation of vapor on an insoluble spherical particle by using the detailed balance. The obtained expression of evaporation coefficient is proved to be also correct in the homogeneous condensation and the heterogeneous condensation on a planar solid surface. The contributions of the two mechanisms to heterogeneous condensation including the effect of line tension are evaluated and analysed. It is found that the cluster growth via surface diffusion of adsorbed water molecules on the particle is more important than the direct addition from the vapor. As an example of our model applications, the growth rate of the cap shaped droplet on the insoluble spherical particle is derived. Our evaluation shows that the growth rate of droplet in heterogeneous condensation is larger than that in homogeneous condensation. These results indicate that an explicit kinetic model is benefit to the study of heterogeneous condensation on an insoluble spherical particle.

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Section: Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 As a result, the growth rate of single droplet with a large Knudsen number can approximately be given by the difference of the condensation coefficient and the evaporation coefficient. 8 For heterogeneous condensation on an insoluble spherical particle, the growth rate of a droplet is dr…”

Section: Growth Rate Of Droplet In Heterogeneous Condensationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A kinetic model for heterogeneous condensation of vapor on an insoluble spherical particle

Luo

Fan

Qin

et al. 2014

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…The Pulse Expansion Chamber experimental setup is explained by [1] and [2]. The setup simplified Process Flow Diagram is shown in Gas mixture could be brought into a thermodynamic state of non-equilibrium by subjecting it to a sudden change in temperature and pressure.…”

Section: Description Of Test Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above nucleation and crystallization theories could be empirically proven by two experimental methods namely Pulse Expansion Wave Tube (PEWT) and Pulse Expansion Cell (PEC) [1,2,3]. In this exercise, the PEC was chosen to perform the test mainly due to a much shorter (about 8-10 times shorter) turnaround time in between each test, that will enable more tests to be run per test day to get as much variation as possible in term of binary gas mixtures concentrations and pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of CO2 Nucleation Rate Towards Cryogenic Separation Technologies in Bulk CO2 Separation from Natural Gas

et al. 2014

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Marginal gas field containing large concentrations of CO 2 is a technical challenge to develop due to the low CO 2 concentration requirement in the sales gas. One of the separation methods being studied to develop the field is to use phase separation technique in separating CO 2 with natural gas. The principle of these gas separations units lies in the cryogenic sciences in the separation unit, causing condensation (and crystallization) of CO2 out of the mixture. Therefore, it is important to understand the concept of the nucleation of CO 2 liquid and solid crystals in order to properly design the separation units.Adiabatic expansion experiments were performed in a pulse expansion chamber (PEC). The CO 2 crystal nucleation was induced in a high-pressure expansion chamber, as being reflected by the rapid controlled pressure decrease. The nucleation was measured by means of laser scattering and extinction signals. Moreover, the onset of crystallization can be measured if the expansion is sufficiently deep for the liquid droplets to evoke liquid-solid transition. As the temperature continues to decrease with the resulting shift in the phase diagram beyond the liqud-solid equilibrium curve, the crystallaization will occur. In this way the experimental setup provided the possibility for the determination of Wilson points, crystallization points, and nucleation rates for multicomponent gas mixtures. The onset of nucleation, crystallization, and the measurement of droplet growth were is measured by means of laser light transmission and scattering.In the PEC set-up, temperatures below -100°C could be reached. Experimental results for the CO 2 in NG mixture confirmed the theoretical temperature predictions. The results are comparable to the Mean Kinetic Nucleation Theory (MKNT) which predicts the onset of nucleation and nucleation delay. These parameters are then used to design CO 2 -Natural Gas Separation units.

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“…Several examples can be found in literature on the analysis of the cluster composition by exploiting the nucleation theorem (Kashchiev 1982;Oxtoby and Laaksonen 1995;Luijten et al 1998Wölk and Strey 2001;Kalikmanov et al 2007;Holten and van Dongen 2010). At high pressure (>0.2 MPa), only few studies can be found in literature on the analysis of the critical cluster composition for water-carrier gas mixtures Holten and van Dongen 2010). analyzed water-helium, water-nitrogen and n-nonane-methane mixtures at 240 K and 1 MPa, 2.5 MPa and 4 MPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical cluster composition from homogeneous nucleation data: application to water in carbon dioxide–nitrogen carrier gases

et al. 2021

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Knowledge on critical cluster composition is important for improving the nucleation theory. Thus, homogeneous water nucleation experiments previously carried out in nitrogen and 0%, 5%, 15% and 25% of carbon dioxide ( Campagna et al. 2020a, 2021) are analyzed. The tests were conducted at 240 K and 0.1 MPa, 1 MPa and 2 MPa. The observed nucleation rates are strongly dependent on supersaturation, pressure, temperature and mixture composition. These experimentally found dependencies can be used to derive the composition of critical clusters by means of the nucleation theorem. In this way, a macroscopic quantity, nucleation rate, reveals properties of critical clusters consisting of a few tens of molecules. Two novel methods are presented for the detailed application of the nucleation theorem. The first method extends to mixtures of $$\,\,\,\,\,\,\,N>2\,\,\,\,\,\,$$ N > 2 components the approach used in literature for two components. The second method not only applies to $$N>2$$ N > 2 mixtures in a more straightforward manner, but it can also be used for unary as well as for binary and multi-component nucleation cases. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time the critical cluster composition is computed for high pressure nucleation data of a vapor (here water) in mixtures of two carrier gases (here carbon dioxide–nitrogen). After a proper parameterization of the nucleation rate data, both methods consistently lead to the same critical nuclei compositions within the experimental uncertainty. Increasing pressure and carbon dioxide molar fraction at fixed supersaturation leads to a decrease in the water content of the critical cluster, while the adsorbed number of nitrogen and carbon dioxide molecules increases. As a consequence, the surface tension decreases. This outcome explains the observed increase in the nucleation rate with increasing pressure and carbon dioxide molar fraction at constant supersaturation. Graphic abstract

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Homogeneous water nucleation and droplet growth in methane and carbon dioxide mixtures at 235 K and 10 bar

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

A kinetic model for heterogeneous condensation of vapor on an insoluble spherical particle

A kinetic model for heterogeneous condensation of vapor on an insoluble spherical particle

Influence of CO2 Nucleation Rate Towards Cryogenic Separation Technologies in Bulk CO2 Separation from Natural Gas

Critical cluster composition from homogeneous nucleation data: application to water in carbon dioxide–nitrogen carrier gases

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