Homogeneous photonic integration of mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers with low-loss passive waveguides on an InP platform

Jung, Seungyong; Palaferri, Danièle; Zhang, Kevin; Xie, Feng; Okuno, Y.; Pinzone, C. J.; Lascola, Kevin; Belkin, Mikhail

doi:10.1364/optica.6.001023

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Heterogeneously integrated devices have been reported both in the NIR and MIR, and this has been discussed in detail in recent reviews [149,150]. Recent works have also focused on InP integration platforms, demonstrated through QCL integration with InGaAs passive waveguides [151] (Figure 2a) and photonic crystal-based laser source integration with silicon waveguides [152]. As a rare example of monolithic integration, QCLs integrated with plasmonic waveguides were demonstrated by Schwarz et al [153].…”

Section: On-chip Light Sources and Passive Waveguide Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Nanophotonic Waveguide-Based Devices for IR and Raman Gas Spectroscopy

Alberti

Datta

Jágerská

2021

Sensors

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On-chip devices for absorption spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy have been developing rapidly in the last few years, triggered by the growing availability of compact and affordable tunable lasers, detectors, and on-chip spectrometers. Material processing that is compatible with mass production has been proven to be capable of long low-loss waveguides of sophisticated designs, which are indispensable for high-light–analyte interactions. Sensitivity and selectivity have been further improved by the development of sorbent cladding. In this review, we discuss the latest advances and challenges in the field of waveguide-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (WERS) and waveguide infrared absorption spectroscopy (WIRAS). The development of integrated light sources and detectors toward miniaturization will be presented, together with the recent advances on waveguides and cladding to improve sensitivity. The latest reports on gas-sensing applications and main configurations for WERS and WIRAS will be described, and the most relevant figures of merit and limitations of different sensor realizations summarized.

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Section: On-chip Light Sources and Passive Waveguide Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Integration schemes for waveguide-based IR absorption spectroscopy. (a) Integrated QCL source with a passive InGaAs waveguide (reproduced from[151] © 2021 Optical Society of America). (b) Integration of a waveguide sensor with a MIR thermal emitter (reproduced with permission from[154]).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Nanophotonic Waveguide-Based Devices for IR and Raman Gas Spectroscopy

Alberti

Datta

Jágerská

2021

Sensors

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“…Our QCL operates at λ ≈ 8 µm, a wavelength where the fabrication of an evanescent coupler becomes challenging because the active region is buried deep in the QC layers thus requiring a complex etching process. Unlike previous work, which focuses on short wavelengths (λ < 5 µm), [10,12] we fabricate an evanescent coupler that does not rely on any specialized growth or processing techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unidirectional mode selection in bistable quantum cascade ring lasers

Kacmoli,

Sivco,

Gmachl

2022

Preprint

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Ideal ring resonators are characterized by travelling-wave counterpropagating modes, but in practice travelling waves can only be realized under unidirectional operation, which has proved elusive. Here, we have designed and fabricated a monolithic quantum cascade ring laser coupled to an active waveguide that allows for robust, deterministic and controllable unidirectional operation. Spontaneous emission injection through the active waveguide enables dynamical switching between the clockwise and counterclockwise states of the ring laser with as little as 1.6% modulation of the electrical input. We show that this behavior stems from a perturbation in the bistable dynamics of the ring laser. In addition to switching and bistability, our novel coupler design for quantum cascade ring lasers offers an efficient mechanism for outcoupling and light detection.

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“…One way forward is photonic integration: scaling to the mid-IR the approach already developed for silicon photonics. It can rely on SiGe/Si photonic platforms 18 , or on the more natural InGaAs/AlInAs-on-InP platform 19 . In both cases the QCL source must be properly integrated in the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast amplitude modulation up to 1.5 GHz of mid-IR free-space beams at room-temperature

et al. 2021

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Applications relying on mid-infrared radiation (λ ~ 3-30 μm) have progressed at a very rapid pace in recent years, stimulated by scientific and technological breakthroughs like mid-infrared cameras and quantum cascade lasers. On the other side, standalone and broadband devices allowing control of the beam amplitude and/or phase at ultra-fast rates (GHz or more) are still missing. Here we show a free-space amplitude modulator for mid-infrared radiation (λ ~ 10 μm) that can operate at room temperature up to at least 1.5 GHz (−3dB cutoff at ~750 MHz). The device relies on a semiconductor heterostructure enclosed in a judiciously designed metal–metal optical resonator. At zero bias, it operates in the strong light-matter coupling regime up to 300 K. By applying an appropriate bias, the device transitions towards the weak-coupling regime. The large change in reflectance is exploited to modulate the intensity of a mid-infrared continuous-wave laser up to 1.5 GHz.

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Homogeneous photonic integration of mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers with low-loss passive waveguides on an InP platform

Cited by 34 publications

References 36 publications

Integrated Nanophotonic Waveguide-Based Devices for IR and Raman Gas Spectroscopy

Integrated Nanophotonic Waveguide-Based Devices for IR and Raman Gas Spectroscopy

Unidirectional mode selection in bistable quantum cascade ring lasers

Fast amplitude modulation up to 1.5 GHz of mid-IR free-space beams at room-temperature

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