Homogeneous-Heterogeneous Reactions on Al2O3-Cu Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Over a Shrinking Sheet

Abstract

The effects of homogeneous-heterogeneous reaction on the fluid flow over a shrinking sheet is examined. A hybrid nanofluid is considered, with alumina and copper as the nanoparticles and water as the base liquid. The governing equations are solved numerically using similarity approach with the help of MATLAB software. Two outcomes are attained for several ranges of the mass flux parameter . The friction factor as well as the concentration gradient enhances in the presence of nanoparticles, but the rate of heat transfer declines. Moreover, the concentration gradient is intensified for larger homogeneous and heterogeneous strength.

Time-Depending Flow of Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid Past a Stretching Sheet with Suction and Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Effects

“…Based on the data from Table 3, when examining a regular fluid and setting 𝑀 = 𝑆 = 𝛽 = 0, while 𝜆 = 1, it is evident that the current findings (which are −𝜃(0) values) are consistent with the values obtained by Gorla and Sidawi [33], Waini et al, [26], and Priyadharshini et al, [34]. Meanwhile, Table 4 shows 𝑓 ′′ (0) and −𝜃(0) values for the current and previous study from Waini et al, [35] for Al2O3/water nanofluid with varied volume fractions 𝜑 1 . The current findings align well with the values reported by Waini et al, [35].…”

“…Meanwhile, Table 4 shows 𝑓 ′′ (0) and −𝜃(0) values for the current and previous study from Waini et al, [35] for Al2O3/water nanofluid with varied volume fractions 𝜑 1 . The current findings align well with the values reported by Waini et al, [35]. The validation process also involved the use of Al2O3-Cu/water nanofluid with various values of 𝜑 2 while keeping 𝑃𝑟 = 6.135, 𝑀 = 𝑆 = 𝛽 = 0 and 𝜆 = 1.…”

EMHD micropolar fluid flowing through a micro‐structural slipped surface with heat source/sink and chemical reaction

“…The reduced ordinary differential Equations (10-14) and boundary conditions (15) described in the preceding section are highly nonlinear and two-point. To solve these resulting equations, we must convert them into a first-order system by applying the following substitutions.…”

“…The effects of homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions on the movement of nanofluid in permeable channels were investigated by Ramzan et al [14] using the Tiwari and Das model. The effects of homogeneous and heterogeneous processes on the movement of a hybrid Al2O3-Cu nanoliquid across a contracting sheet were investigated by Waini et al [15]. "Heat source" and "heat sink" describe locations inside a fluid flow that add or remove heat energy.…”