Homogeneous Diesel Combustion with External Mixture Formation by a Cool Flame Vaporizer

Puschmann, Heike; Buchwald, Ralf; Pannwitz, Marcel; Sommer, Ansgar; Schloß, Heide Pohland vom; Lucka, K.; Köhne, Heinrich

doi:10.4271/2006-01-3323

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Many researchers used external charge preparation techniques for fuel atomization and vaporization so that homogeneous fuel-air mixtures can be prepared. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Midlam-Mohler et al 35 and Canova et al 36 developed a fuel atomizer for achieving mixed mode HCCI/DI combustion in a single cylinder engine. They utilized fuel atomizer to achieve HCCI combustion mode up to medium engine loads and supplied fuel by DI to achieve CI combustion mode at higher engine loads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They utilized fuel atomizer to achieve HCCI combustion mode up to medium engine loads and supplied fuel by DI to achieve CI combustion mode at higher engine loads. Puschmann et al 37 prepared homogeneous fuel–air mixture outside the combustion chamber using a “cool flame vaporizer.” They used simulations to investigate the effects of intake charge temperature. Ganesh and Nagarajan 34 developed a fuel vaporizer to prepare homogeneous fuel–air mixture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental evaluation of sensitivity of low-temperature combustion to intake charge temperature and fuel properties

Singh

Ágarwal

2017

International Journal of Engine Research

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Main challenge for mineral diesel in achieving low-temperature combustion is its poor volatility characteristics, which results in relatively inferior fuel-air mixtures. In this experimental study, feasibility of mineral diesel-fueled premixed homogeneous charge compression ignition (PHCCI) combustion was explored by employing an external charge preparation technique. An external mixing device called ''fuel vaporizer'' was developed for improving the fuel-air mixing. To investigate the effect of fuel properties on PHCCI combustion, this study was carried out using a variety of additives blended with mineral diesel, which included low-quality high-volatile fuel (kerosene), low-cetane high-volatile fuels (ethanol and gasoline) and high-cetane low-volatile fuel (biodiesel). To investigate the effects of intake charge temperature (T i), experiments were performed at three T i s (160, 180 and 200°C) and six different relative air-fuel ratios (l = 1.5-5.25). In all experiments, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate was maintained constant at 10%. Experimental results showed that combustion phasing was significantly affected by the fuel properties and T i. At lower engine loads, volatile additives improved start of combustion, combustion phasing and heat release rate; however, excessive knocking was seen at higher engine loads. Diesoline (15% v/v gasoline with mineral diesel) and diesosene (15% v/v kerosene with mineral diesel) showed significant improvement in engine performance characteristics, while B20 (20% v/v soybean biodiesel with mineral diesel) delivered relatively higher indicated specific fuel consumption (ISFC). Increasing T i affected fuel-air mixing, which resulted in slightly lower carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, but higher T i led to excessive knocking and resulted in slightly higher oxides of nitrogen (NO x) emissions. Addition of volatiles reduced particulate emissions; however, increasing T i led to slightly higher particulate emissions. Presence of significant number of nanoparticles during combustion of B20 was another important finding of this study. Overall, it was concluded that addition of volatile additives such as gasoline, alcohols and kerosene, in addition to optimized T i can improve mineral diesel-fueled PHCCI combustion and can lead to potentially expanded operating window.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evaluation of sensitivity of low-temperature combustion to intake charge temperature and fuel properties

Singh

Ágarwal

2017

International Journal of Engine Research

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“…They utilized the fuel atomizer up to medium engine loads but used direct fuel injection at higher engine loads. Puschmann et al 26 prepared a homogeneous fuel-air mixture outside the engine combustion chamber using a "cool flame vaporizer". They carried out HCCI experiments and compared their results with other LTC strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To improve the fuel-air mixing, various external charge preparation devices such as a fuel vaporizer or a fuel atomizer − were also developed. Midlam-Mohler et al and Canova et al developed a fuel atomizer for achieving mixed mode HCCI/DI combustion in a single cylinder engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partially Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Development for Low Volatility Fuels

Singh

Ágarwal

2017

Energy Fuels

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Control of harmful pollutants such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx), particulate matter (PM)/ soot, carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbons (HC) emitted by diesel engines is essential in order to protect the environment and human health. Different versions of low temperature combustion (LTC) concepts have shown their potential in controlling these pollutants, while achieving thermal efficiencies similar to conventional compression ignition (CI) engines. In this study, a diesel fueled partially premixed homogeneous charge compression ignition (PHCCI) engine was investigated to explore the feasibility of LTC combustion. All experiments were performed on a constant speed two cylinder engine prototype, in which one cylinder was modified to operate in PHCCI combustion mode and the other cylinder operated in conventional CI combustion mode. An external mixing device, called a “fuel vaporizer”, was developed for partially homogeneous fuel-air mixing. For a better understanding of the effect of intake charge temperature (T i) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), experiments were performed at three different T i’s (160, 180, and 200 °C) and three different EGR rates (0, 10, and 20%) at six engine loads with a relative fuel-air ratio (λ) ranging from 1.5 (rich limit) to 5.25 (lean limit). Experimental results showed that fuel-air mixing was significantly affected by T i. At higher engine loads, higher heat release rate (HRR) of PHCCI combustion led to excessive knocking. Combustion phasing was found to be the most important parameter in PHCCI combustion, which affected combustion, performance, and emission characteristics. Increasing T i improved fuel-air mixing, leading to superior combustion as well as lower HC and CO emissions. However, at 200 °C, excessive knocking deteriorated PHCCI engine performance and led to higher NOx emissions. Increasing the EGR rate effectively controlled PHCCI combustion, leading to lower HRR and NOx emissions. However, too high EGR rate increased the CO, HC, and PM emissions, primarily due to relatively lower combustion chamber temperatures. This study showed that selection of suitable control parameters (such as T i and EGR rate) led to superior PHCCI combustion, which could possibly extend the operating load range and engine operating window and may be useful in developing a practical and efficient LTC engine.

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“…Figure 2 shows the diesel vaporizer with modified intake manifold. The EGR [26][27][28] is possible way to reduce the in-cylinder temperature. The EGR reduces the concentration of oxygen, so that for each mole of oxygen consumed, there are more moles nitrogen, water vapors, and CO 2 to be heated by the heat of reaction released from an equivalent amount of fuel.…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative experimental study on engine operating on premixed charge compression ignition and compression ignition mode

Bhiogade

Suryawanshi

2017

THERM SCI

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New combustion concepts have been recently developed with the purpose to tackle the problem of high emissions level of traditional direct injection Diesel engines. A good example is the premixed charge compression ignition combustion. A strategy in which early injection is used causing a burning process in which the fuel burns in the premixed condition. In compression ignition engines, soot (particulate matter) and NO x emissions are an extremely unsolved issue. Premixed charge compression ignition is one of the most promising solutions that combine the advantages of both spark ignition and compression ignition combustion modes. It gives thermal efficiency close to the compression ignition engines and resolves the associated issues of high NO x and particulate matter, simultaneously. Premixing of air and fuel preparation is the challenging part to achieve premixed charge compression ignition combustion. In the present experimental study a diesel vaporizer is used to achieve premixed charge compression ignition combustion. A vaporized diesel fuel was mixed with the air to form premixed charge and inducted into the cylinder during the intake stroke. Low diesel volatility remains the main obstacle in preparing premixed air-fuel mixture. Exhaust gas re-circulation can be used to control the rate of heat release. The objective of this study is to reduce exhaust emission levels with maintaining thermal efficiency close to compression ignition engine.

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Homogeneous Diesel Combustion with External Mixture Formation by a Cool Flame Vaporizer

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Experimental evaluation of sensitivity of low-temperature combustion to intake charge temperature and fuel properties

Experimental evaluation of sensitivity of low-temperature combustion to intake charge temperature and fuel properties

Partially Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Development for Low Volatility Fuels

A comparative experimental study on engine operating on premixed charge compression ignition and compression ignition mode

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