Homogeneous arc ablation behaviors of CuCr cathodes improved by chromic oxide

Guan, Weimian; Yuan, Jie; Lv, Hao; Zhu, Tao; Fang, Youtong; Liu, Jiabin; Wang, Hongtao; Li, Zhihui; Tang, Zhigong; Yang, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.10.083

Cited by 34 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These nonstationary spots split the arc foot and extend the ablated area. The cathodic discharge status with moving cathode spots, similar to those observed in copper [14] and CuCr composite cathodes [16] before, was considered detrimental to the discharge homogeneity. However, obvious differences arose as the zirconium cathode discharged in air.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Sustainable and homogeneous arc ablation behavior of zirconium cathodes improved by in situ formation of zirconium oxides

Guan¹,

Lv²,

Yuan³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Discharge homogeneity is one of the dominant factors affecting cathode lifetime. In this work, the arc ablation behavior of a zirconium cathode is investigated in air and argon atmospheres. Homogeneous discharge processes are observed in air, while poor discharge homogeneity with scattered cathode spots is found in argon. The homogeneous discharge process is related to the layered structure at the discharge center. The surface zirconium oxide layer stabilizes the arc foot and reduces the effective work function. A dual-phase layer underneath, consisting of zirconium oxides and zirconium, enables the transition from the zirconium matrix to the surface oxide layer. The sustainable discharge behaviors are realized by the balance in the cathode, which is created by the ablation of surface zirconium oxides and the oxidization of zirconium in the dual-phase layer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…During discharge, the arc is stabilized by supplying a substantial number of electrons from the cathode surface through craters and threaten the cathode's structural integrity. Such inhomogeneous ablation processes can be suppressed by generating a surface strengthening layer with a high melting temperature [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable and homogeneous arc ablation behavior of zirconium cathodes improved by in situ formation of zirconium oxides

Guan¹,

Lv²,

Yuan³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Generally, the continuous structure indicates rapid arc motion, which may decrease the mass loss. Instead, the isolated and deep erosion pits indicate slow arc motion or even stationary arcing, thereby accelerating the mass loss [ 5 , 43 ]. The results shown in Figure 5 confirmed this relationship.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Y 2 O 3 has a lower work function when compared with Ag [ 45 ]. Guan et al [ 43 , 46 ] noted that the arc movement depends on the distance between the particles of lower work function. Therefore, the Y 2 O 3 particles on the cathode could act as the arc moving sites based on the rule of arc motion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi-Continuous Network Structure Greatly Improved the Anti-Arc-Erosion Capability of Ag/Y2O3 Electrical Contacts

et al. 2022

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Ag/Y2O3 has excellent potential to replace Ag/CdO as the environmentally friendly electrical contact material. Using spherical Y2O3 as the starting material, Ag/Y2O3 contacts with a quasi-continuous network structure were successfully fabricated by a low-energy ball milling treatment. The mean size of Y2O3 used ranged from 243 to 980 nm. Due to the differences in the size of Y2O3, Ag/Y2O3 contacts had different primitive microstructures, thereby exhibiting distinctive anti-arc-erosion capabilities. Ag/Y2O3 contact prepared using 243 nm Y2O3 showed the best anti-arc-erosion capability and the most outstanding electrical performance measures, such as low contact resistance, less mass transfer, and no failure up to 105 cycle times. The quasi-continuous network structure formed in the fine-scare was responsible for the excellent electrical performance. The short distance between Y2O3 particles in the network promoted the cathode arc motion, and thus alleviated the localized erosion. The results obtained herein may inspire further attempts to design electrical contacts rationally.

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“…If the arc stays a little bit longer, a considerable amount of evaporation occurs, which deepens the degree of regional erosion. However, the arc does not always erode a point, but moves rapidly over the cathode surface [39]. Due to the high thermal stability and high hardness of the B 4 C, and uniform distribution in the copper matrix, which has a blocking effect on the flow of the copper melt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion behavior and mechanism of Cu-B₄C composites under arc discharge in different atmospheres

Feng

Wang

et al. 2022

Mater. Res. Express

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Ceramic particle-reinforced materials are an important part of high-performance contact materials because of the excellent performance in resistance to arc erosion. In particular, B4C is the ideal choice for the preparation of high-performance electrical contact materials because of its excellent physicochemical properties. In this paper, Cu-B4C composites were prepared by hot-press sintering technology to illustrate the arc erosion behavior of Cu-B4C composites in different atmospheres at high voltages. The erosion morphology and composition of Cu-B4C composites after erosion in air, carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride atmosphere at 8kV were studied. The different erosion mechanisms of Cu-B4C composites in air, carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride atmospheres were systematically discussed. The results showed that the Cu-B4C composites exhibited inhomogeneous erosion in all three atmospheres, and the erosion was mainly concentrated in the region around the B4C particles. In air, the Cu-B4C composites were most severely eroded, but showed better erosion resistance in carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride. The experimental atmosphere decomposed and reacted with copper on the cathode surface at high temperatures, while B4C maintained a good structure after erosion.

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Homogeneous arc ablation behaviors of CuCr cathodes improved by chromic oxide

Cited by 34 publications

References 29 publications

Sustainable and homogeneous arc ablation behavior of zirconium cathodes improved by in situ formation of zirconium oxides

Sustainable and homogeneous arc ablation behavior of zirconium cathodes improved by in situ formation of zirconium oxides

Quasi-Continuous Network Structure Greatly Improved the Anti-Arc-Erosion Capability of Ag/Y2O3 Electrical Contacts

Erosion behavior and mechanism of Cu-B₄C composites under arc discharge in different atmospheres

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Homogeneous arc ablation behaviors of CuCr cathodes improved by chromic oxide

Cited by 34 publications

References 29 publications

Sustainable and homogeneous arc ablation behavior of zirconium cathodes improved by in situ formation of zirconium oxides

Sustainable and homogeneous arc ablation behavior of zirconium cathodes improved by in situ formation of zirconium oxides

Quasi-Continuous Network Structure Greatly Improved the Anti-Arc-Erosion Capability of Ag/Y2O3 Electrical Contacts

Erosion behavior and mechanism of Cu-B4C composites under arc discharge in different atmospheres

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Erosion behavior and mechanism of Cu-B₄C composites under arc discharge in different atmospheres