Homocysteine Level and Coronary Heart Disease Incidence: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Humphrey, Linda L.; Fu, Rongwei; Rogers, Kevin; Freeman, Michele; Helfand, Mark

doi:10.4065/83.11.1203

Cited by 309 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The following meta-analysis of 24 retrospective (n = 3289 cases) and three prospective studies (n = 476 cases) showed that a 5 μ mol/L higher measured Hcy level was associated with a 27 % [95 % confi dence interval (95 % CI) 1 % -59 % ] higher risk of venous thrombosis in prospective studies, and a 60 % (95 % CI 10 % -134 % ) higher risk in retrospective studies. The relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and coronary heart disease has been eventually meta-analyzed by Humphrey, who performed a MEDLINE search 1966 through March 2006 for prospective cohort studies that measured Hcy and incidence of disease in the general adult population (16) . Twenty-six articles of good or fair quality were included in the fi nal model, which showed 20 % -50 % increased risk of coronary heart disease for each 5 μ mol/L higher measured Hcy level.…”

Section: Venous Thrombosis and Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperhomocysteinemia in health and disease: where we are now, and where do we go from here?

Lippi

Plebani

2012

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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Homocysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid, which is synthesized from the precursor methionine through a multi-step process, and then reconverted to methionine or catabolyzed into cysteine. The presence of vitamin B9 (folic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) and vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is essential in homocysteine metabolism, wherein defi ciency of one or more of these nutrients is associated with various degree of hyperhomocysteinemia. There is little doubt that hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with several human disorders, such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, pregnancy complications and fractures, so that its measurement might be useful for risk assessment. Nevertheless, several randomized homocysteine-lowering therapy trials have failed to show that supplementation with vitamins B substantially modifi es (and -more importantly -improves) the end points and the related outcomes. According to the current state of scientifi c knowledge, it seems thus reasonable to conclude that lowering homocysteine alone is probably insuffi cient to mitigate the risk of thromboembolic, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders inasmuch as this bizarre amino acid acts in strict synergy with other probably more powerful risk factors. Several lines of evidence suggest, however, that its measurement may be helpful for identifying subjects at greater risk of disease, who may thus benefi t from a more aggressive treatment of other modifi able risk factors, as recently shown by result of the 5-year Fenofi brate Intervention and Event Lowering in Diabetes (FIELD) trial.

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Section: Venous Thrombosis and Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperhomocysteinemia in health and disease: where we are now, and where do we go from here?

Lippi

Plebani

2012

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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“…In humans, there is little safety data regarding the use of betaine in healthy individuals. In hyperhomocysteinemic patients, betaine is used to lower plasma homocysteine concentrations (Wilcken et al, 1983;Singh et al, 2004), which is suggested to be an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (El-Khairy et al, 1999;Chambers et al, 2000;Humphrey et al, 2008). Hyperhomocysteinemia is also associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, which in turn increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases (Meigs et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effect of betaine on risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome in healthy subjects

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: To examine the effects of betaine on serum lipid profile, plasma homocysteine concentration and hemostatic factors in healthy subjects. Subjects/Methods: Altogether, 63 volunteers (27 ± 8 years, body mass index 22.6 ± 2.4 kg/m 2 ) participated in a placebocontrolled, randomized, parallel double-blinded study. The intervention lasted for 6 months during which the subjects consumed mineral water 500 ml/day with (betaine group, n ¼ 32) or without (control group, n ¼ 31) a 4-g betaine supplementation.Results: There was a significant interaction of time and group (general linear model) in serum total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations and total-to-high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol ratio without a significant difference between or within the groups. Concentrations of serum HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides or oxidized LDL did not change during the study. Plasma homocysteine concentration did not change in either of the groups. Plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 concentration increased in the betaine group (P ¼ 0.028) and decreased in the control group (P ¼ 0.006). There was a significant interaction of time and group (general linear model) in plasma fibrinogen and blood hemoglobin concentration without a significant difference between or within the groups. There were no changes in parameters regarding the function of the liver or kidney. Conclusions: Betaine had no effect on serum lipid profile in long term in young healthy subjects. The lowering effect on plasma homocysteine concentration was weak.

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“…Изучение витаминов группы В (В 6 , В 12 и фолиевая кислота) связано с их потенциальной способностью снижать уровень гомоцистеина -одного из факторов риска ССЗ [289] . Вместе с тем, открытым остается вопрос, является ли гомоцистеин просто маркером риска или следствием заболевания .…”

Section: витамины группы в (в6 фолиевая кислота в12) и гомоцистеинunclassified

A Ten Year Overview of Surgical and Interventional Arrhythmology in Russia. Service Peculiar Features in the Far East

Богачевская¹,

Bogachevskiy²

2017

Soc.Asp.Pop.Hlth

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Homocysteine Level and Coronary Heart Disease Incidence: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Cited by 309 publications

References 66 publications

Hyperhomocysteinemia in health and disease: where we are now, and where do we go from here?

Hyperhomocysteinemia in health and disease: where we are now, and where do we go from here?

Long-term effect of betaine on risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome in healthy subjects

A Ten Year Overview of Surgical and Interventional Arrhythmology in Russia. Service Peculiar Features in the Far East

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