Homicides In Mexico Reversed Life Expectancy Gains For Men And Slowed Them For Women, 2000–10

Aburto, José Manuel; Beltrán‐Sánchez, Hiram; García-Guerrero, Víctor Manuel; Canudas-Romo, Vladimir

doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0068

Cited by 76 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Further on the relationship between Prohibition and rising homicide rates, the Mexican cases stands out in the world: the increase in the number of assassinations resulting from the use of military force against the drug traffic since 2006 has even reduced life expectancy in the country 35,36,37 .…”

Section: Prohibition Violence and Mortality From External Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Política de drogas e Saúde Coletiva: diálogos necessários

et al. 2019

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The current status of policies on illicit drugs has implications for Collective Health that need to be discussed in depth. This essay aims to explore, in light of the best evidence, the public health impact of drug policies focused on the criminalization of growing, selling, and consuming psychoactive substances. Brazil provides the context for the main analysis. The principal points addressed in this work include drugs as a social issue and the definition of the prohibitionist paradigm, evidence of the unhealthy relationship between this paradigm and the population's health, the issue of a model of care for users of psychoactive substances focused on therapeutic communities, and future paths to be explored to overcome the prohibition of illicit drugs as the principal approach to the issue. Among the main problematic elements in the repressive approach in the Brazilian context, the study highlights violence and homicides, the health impacts of incarceration and blocked access to the health system, and potential new therapies derived from currently banned psychoactive substances. As proposals for future policy changes, the study highlights decriminalization of the use, possession, and small-scale sale of drugs; the reduction of the violence and discrimination associated with policing; focus on harm reduction policies; approach to gender-related specificities; and inclusion of social variables as metrics for successful treatment of problematic drug use. In conclusion, it is relevant that the social issue and drug policy have become the object of more studies in the field of Collective Health.

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Section: Prohibition Violence and Mortality From External Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Política de drogas e Saúde Coletiva: diálogos necessários

et al. 2019

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“…For details on codes from International Classification of Diseases revision 10 included in this category, we refer the reader to the original classification (Aburto, Riffe, and Canudas-Romo 2018). These causes have emerged as leading among young people, and the first two recently had a sizable impact on life expectancy in Mexico (Aburto et al 2016;Aburto and Beltrán-Sánchez 2019).…”

Section: Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geofaceting: Aligning small-multiples for regions in a spatially meaningful way

Kashnitsky¹,

Aburto²

2019

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“…Changes in life expectancy in Mexico illustrate the negative consequences of criminalization 67 . After six decades of gains in life expectancy in Mexico, the trend stagnated after 2000 for both men and women, and for men was reversed after 2005 68 . This was largely due to an unprecedented rise in homicide rates, mostly as a result of drug policies promoting ‘gang wars’ and conflicts between gangs, the police and army 69 .…”

Section: Towards Better Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

Reframing the science and policy of nicotine, illegal drugs and alcohol – conclusions of the ALICE RAP Project

et al. 2017

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In 2013, illegal drug use was responsible for 1.8% of years of life lost in the European Union, alcohol was responsible for 8.2% and tobacco for 18.2%, imposing economic burdens in excess of 2.5% of GDP. No single European country has optimal governance structures for reducing the harm done by nicotine, illegal drugs and alcohol, and existing ones are poorly designed, fragmented, and sometimes cause harm. Reporting the main science and policy conclusions of a transdisciplinary five-year analysis of the place of addictions in Europe, researchers from 67 scientific institutions addressed these problems by reframing an understanding of addictions. A new paradigm needs to account for evolutionary evidence which suggests that humans are biologically predisposed to seek out drugs, and that, today, individuals face availability of high drug doses, consequently increasing the risk of harm. New definitions need to acknowledge that the defining element of addictive drugs is ‘heavy use over time’, a concept that could replace the diagnostic artefact captured by the clinical term ‘substance use disorder’, thus opening the door for new substances to be considered such as sugar. Tools of quantitative risk assessment that recognize drugs as toxins could be further deployed to assess regulatory approaches to reducing harm. Re-designed governance of drugs requires embedding policy within a comprehensive societal well-being frame that encompasses a range of domains of well-being, including quality of life, material living conditions and sustainability over time; such a frame adds arguments to the inappropriateness of policies that criminalize individuals for using drugs and that continue to categorize certain drugs as illegal. A health footprint, modelled on the carbon footprint, and using quantitative measures such as years of life lost due to death or disability, could serve as the accountability tool that apportions responsibility for who and what causes drug-related harm.

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Homicides In Mexico Reversed Life Expectancy Gains For Men And Slowed Them For Women, 2000–10

Cited by 76 publications

References 16 publications

Política de drogas e Saúde Coletiva: diálogos necessários

Política de drogas e Saúde Coletiva: diálogos necessários

Geofaceting: Aligning small-multiples for regions in a spatially meaningful way

Reframing the science and policy of nicotine, illegal drugs and alcohol – conclusions of the ALICE RAP Project

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