Homicide Profiles Based on Crime Scene and Victim Characteristics

Pecino-Latorre, María del Mar; Fuentes, María del Carmen Pérez; Patró-Hernández, Rosa María

doi:10.3390/ijerph16193629

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The expressive-family typology refers to homicides carried out within the family environment, in which the perpetrator is a female and the victim is a minor (filicide). Suffocation is the most common homicide method used, suggesting a strong emotional connection between the victim and the perpetrator [21,27]. This typology coincides with that established by Santtila et al [37], who proposed that it is possible for the aggressor to suffer from some sort of psychological disorder, so the homicides may be fruit of an emotional discharge and it is very likely that the homicide act was caused by frustrations due to personal failures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…In parallel, throughout the history of criminal profiling, diverse homicide typologies have been created in order to ensure more rigorous and systematic criminal profile-generation processes [19,20,21,22]. Today, developing typologies that have an extensive theoretical foundation and that are based on intense methodology are considered essential, so as to support decision-making carried out during the criminal investigations [1,5,23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expressiveness and Instrumentality of Crime Scene Behavior in Spanish Homicides

Pecino-Latorre

Fuentes

Patró-Hernández

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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One of the current trends in the study of criminal profiling consists of developing theoretical and methodological typologies to offer information of operational use in police investigations. The objective of this work was to verify the validity of the instrumental/expressive model, so as to establish homicide typologies based on modus operandi relationships, characteristics of the victims, and characteristics of perpetrators. The sample consisted of 448 homicide cases registered in the database of the Homicide Revision Project of the Office of Coordination and Studies of the Spanish Secretary of State and Security. Through multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis, three expressive homicide subtypes were identified (expressive-impulsive, expressive-distancing, and expressive-family), as well as two instrumental homicide subtypes (instrumental-opportunist and instrumental-gratification). The expressive homicide typologies accounted for almost 95% of all of the studied cases, and most of the homicides occurring in Spain were found to take place between individuals who know one another (friends, family members, intimate couples/ex-couples). The findings from this study suggest that the instrumental/expressive model may be a useful framework for understanding the psychological processes underlying homicides, based on the study of relationships between the crime and aggressor characteristics, which may be very helpful in the prioritization of suspects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expressiveness and Instrumentality of Crime Scene Behavior in Spanish Homicides

Pecino-Latorre

Fuentes

Patró-Hernández

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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“…However, given the lack of information on emotional states prior to the crime, it was not possible to include variables related to homicide motivations or potential triggers. As for the Expressive offender profile, it is similar to that found in previous studies, tending to refer to offenders with criminal records acting with higher levels of criminal planning and forensic knowledge in order to prevent their identification, thanks to their criminal experience (e.g., displaced weapon, outdoor crime scene, the aggressor escapes from the crime scene) (Cullen and Fritzon, 2019;Pecino-Latorre et al, 2019a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Of the current trends in homicide studies, some works have focused on prediction, given the major practical implications that it has on police investigations ( González-Álvarez et al, 2015 ; Abreu et al, 2018 ; Fox and Farrington, 2018 ). Specifically, there has been an interest in examining the utility of criminal profiling, as a criminal investigation technique directed at assisting in the prioritization and detention of offenders ( Chan et al, 2019 ; Pecino-Latorre et al, 2019a ; Sorochinski and Salfati, 2019 ; Ivaskevics and Almond, 2020 ). Therefore, numerous typologies have been created for homicides, always based on empirical evidence to ensure a more rigorous and systematic profile creation process ( Horning et al, 2015 ; Fujita et al, 2016 ; Khoshnood and Väfors Fritz, 2017 ; Sea et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Action System Model: A Typology of Spanish Homicides

et al. 2020

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The Action System model offers a scientific foundation to the differentiation and classification of crimes, based on behavioral indicators, allowing the establishment of relationships between the actions carried out by the offender on the crime scene and their characteristics. Although it was originally developed for application to fires, its utility has been tested in distinct criminal typologies, with few studies having considered homicides. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness and validity of the Action System model to differentiate thematically between the structure of the homicides and to create a typology of simple homicides in Spain, based on the relationships between the modus operandi, characteristics of the victims and characteristics of the offenders. The sample consisted of 448 homicides. Four homicide typologies were identified: Expressive, Adaptive, Integrative and Conservative, which represent 87.5% of the studied cases. Expressive homicides are impulsive, with offenders having criminal records and previously knowing their victims. Adaptive homicides are linked to robberies and sexual aggressions, in which the victim and offender are strangers. Integrative homicides take place in the family environment, specifically female offenders and femicides. Conservative homicides are very well planned, highlighting the presence of post mortem actions. The findings of this work suggest that the Action System model is a useful theoretical framework for the identification of variations in criminal behavior and understanding of the psychological processes underlying the homicides. These results have practical implications in the academic setting, since they offer a global perspective as to how simple homicides in Spain may be differentiated, also within the framework of criminal profiling, specifically, suspect prioritization.

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“…Apart from being a violent crime, homicide also has a considerable impact on the psychosocial, political and socio-economic parameters of a country. (5) The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) considers homicide is an indicator for determining a country's level of violence and safety. As per the global study on homicide published in 2017 by UNODC, more people were killed by homicide rather than armed conflict.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Defence Injuries in Homicide Cases Categorised in Accordance to Homicide Injury Scale

Sunil Subramanyam,

Joshima Janardhanan

2021

Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

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Introduction: The instinct of self-preservation drives a person to defend themselves from any violent attack which in itself may produce injuries on the body. These are termed as defence injuries. This study aims to analyse defence injuries in homicide cases which are categorised based on its severity as determined by Homicide Injury Scale (HIS).Methods: This is a retrospective study which included all homicide cases which were autopsied during a twelve year period in a tertiary care hospital. Each of these cases were categorised according to the HIS. The presence, type and distribution of defence injuries were then tabulated and analysed.Results: A total of 85 homicide cases were autopsied during the specified study period. Out of these 85 cases, 53 cases showed defence injuries (62%) and majority of these cases fell under higher categories of HIS. Cases categorised under HIS 2,3 and 4 had defence wounds which were more blunt force in nature while cases under HIS 5 and 6 had more sharp force defence injuries. Passive defence injuries were found uniformly across all categories of HIS, however active defence injuries were found more in higher categories of HIS than in lower ones.Conclusion: This is rare study where the pattern and distribution of defence injuries was analysed based on a standardised scale. Active defence injuries were more commonly seen in homicide cases placed on higher scales of HIS.

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Homicide Profiles Based on Crime Scene and Victim Characteristics

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Expressiveness and Instrumentality of Crime Scene Behavior in Spanish Homicides

Expressiveness and Instrumentality of Crime Scene Behavior in Spanish Homicides

The Action System Model: A Typology of Spanish Homicides

Analysis of Defence Injuries in Homicide Cases Categorised in Accordance to Homicide Injury Scale

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