Homeostasis of minerals and trace elements in newborns. Part 2. Clinical role of magnesium balance in the body of newborn

Abstract

This review clarifies the distribution of magnesium in the body of newborns and infants, elucidates the main variants and clinical manifestations of magnesium imbalance in the newborn's body, describes the factors affecting magnesium homeostasis, particularly the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of magnesium, in newborns at different gestational ages; the methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of imbalances in magnesium homeostasis are considered. In the modern scientific literature information on this issue is scarce and often inconsistent. The review contains information available in open literature sources on the use of magnesium preparations and the clinical role of its different concentrations during pregnancy and childhood, methods of detection of magnesium imbalance, immediate and long-term consequences of hypo-and hypermagnesemia in infants. The practical importance of scientific data about the balance of magnesium in the newborn's body, methods of diagnosis and modes of treatment of the detected disorders are highlighted.