Homeostasis, enzymatic heterozygosity and inbreeding depression in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster

Biémont, Christian

doi:10.1007/bf00123721

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…In this context, departures from ideal conditions during ontogeny (i.e., environmental or genetic stress) may reduce the "effi.ciency" of normal developmental processes and increase the levei of FA (Palmer and Strobeck 1 1986;Parsons, 1990;Clarke, 1993;Mf!Jller and Swaddle, 1997) andlor DA (Mclntyre and Mossey, 2002;Hennessy et al, 2004;Schaefer et al 1 2006;DeLeon 1 2007;Ercan et al 1 2008;Klingenberg et al, 2010b;Barrett et al, 2012;Claes et al, 2012). Associations between heterozygosity and FA have been reported in mammals and other species (Soulé, 1979;Biémont, 1983;Leary et al, 1984;Palmer and Strobeck, 1986;Mitton, 1993;Vf!Jllestad, 1999;Leamy et al, 2001), with some exceptions (Wooten and Smith, 1986;Patterson and Paton, 1990;Beacham, American Journal of Physical Anthropology 1991; Britten 1 1996; Gilligan et ai., 2000;Leamy et al, 2001). Moreover, FA seems to increase with increasing homozygosityt hybridization, inbreedingt mutation Strobeck, 1986, 1992;Clarke, 1992;Mf!Jller and Swaddle, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance some authors found a negative correlation between heterozygosity and FA (Soulé, 1979;Vrijenhoek and Lerman, 1982;Biémont, 1983;Leary et ai., 1984;Livshits and Kobyliansky, 1985;Mitton, 1993), but this vision is challenged by other studies that report absent or weak correlations (Beacham, 1991;Clarke and Oldroyd, 1996;V0llestad and Hindar, 1997). A meta-analysis conducted by V0llestad and Hindar (1997), on 118 individual samples of ectothermic and endothermic animais, concluded that heterozygosis and FA relationship is only weakly supported by available data, and that heterozygosis explains a very small amount of the variation in developmental instability among individuais and populations.…”

Section: American Joumal Of Physical Anthropologymentioning

confidence: 98%

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Facial asymmetry and genetic ancestry inLatinAmerican admixed populations

Quinto‐Sanchez

Adhikari

Acuña-Alonzo

et al. 2015

American J Phys Anthropol

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Fluctuating and directional asymmetry are aspects of morphological variation widely used to infer environmental and genetic factors affecting facial phenotypes. However, the genetic basis and environmental determinants of both asymmetry types is far from being completely known. The analysis of facial asymmetries in admixed individuais can be of help to characterize the impact of a genome's heterozygosity on the deveiopmental basis of both fl.uctuating and directional asymmetries. Here we characterize the association between genetic ancestry and individual asymmetry on a sample of Latin-American admixed populations. To do so, three-dimensional (3D) facial shape attributes were explored on a sample of 4,104 volunteers aged between 18 and 85 years. Individual ancestry and heterozygosity was estimated using more than 730,000 genome-wide markers. Multivariate techniques applied to geometric morphometric data were used to evaluate the magnitude and significance of directional and ftuctuating asymmetry (FA), as well as correiations and multipie regressions aimed to estimate the relationship between facial FA scores and heterozygosity and a set of covariates. Resuits indicate that directional and FA are both signi:ficant, the former being the strongest expression of asymmetry in this sample. In addition, our analyses suggest that there are some specific patterns of facial asymmetries characterizing the different ancestry groups. Finally, we find that more heterozygous individuais exhibit lower leveis of asymmetry. Our results highlight the importance of including ancestry-admixture estimators, especially when the analyses are aimed to compare leveis of asymmetries on groups differing on socioeconomic leveis, as a proxy to estimate developmental noise. Am J Phys Anthropol 000:000--000, 2015.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: American Joumal Of Physical Anthropologymentioning

confidence: 98%

Facial asymmetry and genetic ancestry inLatinAmerican admixed populations

Quinto‐Sanchez

Adhikari

Acuña-Alonzo

et al. 2015

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…Studies on symmetry were carried out on morphological characters with bilateral distribution (S OULE , 1979 ;L EARY et al, 1983 ;B IEMONT , 1983) The comparisons made between HET and PHP individuals were similar in type to those carried out in other works dealing with individuals taken from natural populations. In both cases the individuals were classified according to their level of homozygosity for some biochemical loci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…E ANES (1978) came to a similar conclusion after examining 6 polymorphic loci and 2 morphological traits in the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus. Enzyme heterozygosity has been reported as associated with either growth rate or developmental stability in a wide range of organisms : birds (F LEISCHER et al , 1983) (G UNAWAN , 1981 ;B IEMONT , 1983). However, there are a few results where these correlations were not found (H ANDFORD , 1980 ;McANDREW et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic heterozygosity and morphological variance in synthetic populations of Drosophila melanogaster

LIZANA¹,

PRADO²

1986

Genet. Sel. Evol.

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“…Several studies have found evidence for such a relationship in fish and other organisms (Vrijenhoek and Lerman 1982;Biemont 1983;Lear-y et al 1984b). To examine the relationship between these two variables in Snake River spring/summer chinook salmon, we computed correlation coefficients between individual heterozygosity (H = the proportion of loci heterozygous in an individual) and three different measures of asymmetry: the absolute value of asymmetry (1 ~jI >; the index of fluctuating Table 18.…”

Section: Asymmetry and Heterozygositymentioning

confidence: 98%

Genetic Monitoring and Evaluation Program for Supplemented Populations of Salmon and Steelhead in the Snake River Basin, 1990-1991 Annual Report.

Waples¹,

Teel²,

Aebersold³

1991

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Please include title, author, and DOE/BP number from back cover in the request. ABSTRACT This is the second report of research for an ongoing study to evaluate the genetic effects of using hatchery-reared fish to supplement natural populations of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead (0. my&s) in the Snake River Basin. The study plan involves yearly monitoring of genetic and meristic characteristics in hatchery, natural (supplemented), and wild (unsupplemented) populations in four different drainages for each species. This report summarizes the first two years of electrophoretic data for chinook salmon and steelhead and the first two years of meristic data for chinook salmon. A GENETIC MONITORING AND EVALUATION PROGRAM FOR SUPPLEMENTED POPULATIONS OF SALMON AND STEELHEAD IN THE SNAKE RIVER BASIN ANNUAL REPORT 1992Results obtained to date include the following: 1) Genetic variation was detected at 35 gene loci in chinook salmon and 50 gene loci in steelhead, both considerable increases over the number of polymorphic loci reported previously for Snake River populations. No substantial differences in levels of genetic variability were observed between years or between hatchery and natural/wild populations in either species. 2) In both species, statistically significant differences in allele frequency were typically found between years within populations. However, the temporal changes within populations were generally smaller than differences between populations. 3) Differences between chinook salmon populations classified as springand summer-run accounted for little of the overall genetic diversity; in contrast, substantial genetic differences were observed between "B" run steelhead from Dworshak Hatchery and "A" run populations from other study sites. 4) Estimates of the effective number of breeders per year (N,) derived from genetic data suggest that Nb in natural and wild Snake River spring/summer chinook salmon populations is generally about one-quarter to three-quarters of the estimated number of adult spawners. 5) Analysis of the effects on data quality of sampling juveniles indicates that the small size of some wild fish may lead to a slight increase in the number of missing datapoints; however, there is no evidence for bias in the data that are collected. 6) Seven bilateral meristic characters in chinook salmon were identified that show promise as indicators of fluctuating asymmetry. Indices of asymmetry varied in a largely random fashion among populations. No correlation was found between the level of asymmetry and the level of genetic variability within individual fish. CONTENTS

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Homeostasis, enzymatic heterozygosity and inbreeding depression in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 42 publications

References 86 publications

Facial asymmetry and genetic ancestry inLatinAmerican admixed populations

Facial asymmetry and genetic ancestry inLatinAmerican admixed populations

Enzymatic heterozygosity and morphological variance in synthetic populations of Drosophila melanogaster

Genetic Monitoring and Evaluation Program for Supplemented Populations of Salmon and Steelhead in the Snake River Basin, 1990-1991 Annual Report.

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