Homeostasis between gut-associated microorganisms and the immune system in Drosophila

You, Hyejin; Lee, Wonjun; Lee, Won–Jae

doi:10.1016/j.coi.2014.06.006

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…As well, changes in fungicide use patterns from fermentation‐non‐friendly to fermentation‐friendly practices that act to spare yeast and bacterial complexes may have created ideal co‐adaptation conditions for SWD to flourish. This microbial complex can be available even in undamaged fruits and not only acts as a nutrient source but also could act to metabolise any toxins present and contribute positively to other vital insect processes in order to maintain the mutualistic relationship. Such symbiotic degradation of pesticides is not novel and has been extensively discussed in other insects such as stink bugs …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory studies of insecticide efficacy and resistance inDrosophila suzukii(Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) populations from British Columbia, Canada

et al. 2016

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Possible reasons reported in D. melanogaster studies where resistance did not occur after insecticide selection included avoidance and associated microbial complexes. The low level of malathion resistance observed in the selected SWD populations and a field-collected population is useful information in the development of insecticide resistance management programmes. © 2016 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Pest Management Science © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory studies of insecticide efficacy and resistance inDrosophila suzukii(Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) populations from British Columbia, Canada

et al. 2016

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“…Strikingly, uracil is released by pathogenic bacteria, but not by commensal symbionts ( Lee et al, 2013 ). This allows the gut epithelia to distinguish between pathogens and commensal bacteria, thus maintaining immune homeostasis in the Drosophila gut ( Kim and Lee, 2014 ; You et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Insect Immunity: Antimicrobial Peptides Ros and Autophagymentioning

confidence: 99%

Wolbachia and the insect immune system: what reactive oxygen species can tell us about the mechanisms of Wolbachia–host interactions

2015

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Wolbachia are intracellular bacteria that infect a vast range of arthropod species, making them one of the most prevalent endosymbionts in the world. Wolbachia’s stunning evolutionary success is mostly due to their reproductive parasitism but also to mutualistic effects such as increased host fecundity or protection against pathogens. However, the mechanisms underlying Wolbachia phenotypes, both parasitic and mutualistic, are only poorly understood. Moreover, it is unclear how the insect immune system is involved in these phenotypes and why it is not more successful in eliminating the bacteria. Here we argue that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are likely to be key in elucidating these issues. ROS are essential players in the insect immune system, and Wolbachia infection can affect ROS levels in the host. Based on recent findings, we elaborate a hypothesis that considers the different effects of Wolbachia on the oxidative environment in novel vs. native hosts. We propose that newly introduced Wolbachia trigger an immune response and cause oxidative stress, whereas in coevolved symbioses, infection is not associated with oxidative stress, but rather with restored redox homeostasis. Redox homeostasis can be restored in different ways, depending on whether Wolbachia or the host is in charge. This hypothesis offers a mechanistic explanation for several of the observed Wolbachia phenotypes.

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“…In addition to the host's experimental advantage, the relatively simple gut microbiota and the genetic tractability of gut commensal bacteria has been promoted to decipher the relationship between gut microbiota and host physiology (Erkosar et al., ). With powerful knowledge of the innate immunity of the fruit fly, the molecular mechanisms underlying gut homeostasis have been elucidated in exceptional studies (You et al., ). There are two known vertically transmitted facultative symbionts in Drosophila : Wolbachia and Spiroplasma (Mateos et al., ).…”

Section: Insect–bacteria Symbiosis Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SYMBIOTIC FACTORS IN Burkholderia ESSENTIAL FOR ESTABLISHING AN ASSOCIATION WITH THE BEAN BUG, Riptortus pedestris

Kim

Lee

2014

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Symbiotic bacteria are common in insects and intimately affect the various aspects of insect host biology. In a number of insect symbiosis models, it has been possible to elucidate the effects of the symbiont on host biology, whereas there is a limited understanding of the impact of the association on the bacterial symbiont, mainly due to the difficulty of cultivating insect symbionts in vitro. Furthermore, the molecular features that determine the establishment and persistence of the symbionts in their host (i.e., symbiotic factors) have remained elusive. However, the recently established model, the bean bug Riptortus pedestris, provides a good opportunity to study bacterial symbiotic factors at a molecular level through their cultivable symbionts. Bean bugs acquire genus Burkholderia cells from the environment and harbor them as gut symbionts in the specialized posterior midgut. The genome of the Burkholderia symbiont was sequenced, and the genomic information was used to generate genetically manipulated Burkholderia symbiont strains. Using mutant symbionts, we identified several novel symbiotic factors necessary for establishing a successful association with the host gut. In this review, these symbiotic factors are classified into three categories based on the colonization dynamics of the mutant symbiont strains: initiation, accommodation, and persistence factors. In addition, the molecular characteristics of the symbiotic factors are described. These newly identified symbiotic factors and on-going studies of the Riptortus-Burkholderia symbiosis are expected to contribute to the understanding of the molecular cross-talk between insects and bacterial symbionts that are of ecological and evolutionary importance.

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Homeostasis between gut-associated microorganisms and the immune system in Drosophila

Cited by 38 publications

References 46 publications

Laboratory studies of insecticide efficacy and resistance inDrosophila suzukii(Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) populations from British Columbia, Canada

Laboratory studies of insecticide efficacy and resistance inDrosophila suzukii(Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) populations from British Columbia, Canada

Wolbachia and the insect immune system: what reactive oxygen species can tell us about the mechanisms of Wolbachia–host interactions

SYMBIOTIC FACTORS IN Burkholderia ESSENTIAL FOR ESTABLISHING AN ASSOCIATION WITH THE BEAN BUG, Riptortus pedestris

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